Emission factor from ITB EPD Program (Instytut Techniki Budowlanej) EPD, industry average
Vertua® concrete groups (based on mix CEM I and CEM III) produced by Cemex Polska
World · EPD total · Reference year 2021
Each kilogram of this product counts as 0.0979 kg CO₂e over the modules its EPD declares: 0.0176 to make it (A1–A3) and 0.0803 at end of life.
Value per kilogram, over the modules the EPD declares
0.0979kgCO₂e/kg
EN 15804 modules A1 to A3 · Net total: fossil, biogenic and land use · GWP100 · AR5
Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of ITB EPD's published parts
The one scenario this EPD declaresReference year 2021
- Region
- World GLOBAL
- Boundary
- EPD total
- Data quality
- MediumRated by us, not by the source
- Licence
- Open · ITB EPD terms
- Declared by
- CEMEX Polska Sp. z o.o.
- Declared unit
- Served per kilogram ÷ 1,000
Where 0.0979 comes from
- A1-A3 Product stageScope 3, cat. 10.017618%
- End of lifeDerived by open-climate.aiScope 3, cat. 50.080382%
- Outside the scopes−0.0207beside
Σ 0.0979: the two declared modules add up to the total. D stays beside it.
Reporting this kilogram under the GHG Protocol
This period
Scope 3, category 1 0.0176
You buy the product for a building that is not yours. The product and its installation go to category 1, the delivery to category 4. The use stage belongs to the building owner; demolition waste you handle is category 5.
Later, when it happens
At end of life, in the year of demolition
- End of life Scope 3, category 5 0.0803
Outside the scopes, reported separately
- D −0.0207
A4, A5, B1 to B7 and C1 to C4 are not declared: nothing to report.
The factor, standardised
Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.
Materials › Minerals and aggregates · World · per kg · Average
EPD total · Net total · AR5
- BoundaryEPD totalThe sum of every EN 15804 module an EPD declares, when that set is not the complete A-C grid (MOD-0034). Learn more
- EPD total
- Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy and end of life
- GWP methodWhich IPCC assessment report's warming potentials convert each gas to CO₂e, and over how many years the warming is counted (GWP100: 100 years). Learn more
- IPCC AR5, 100-year horizon
- Not on the record; set from ITB EPD's method notes · impact method EF 3.0
- CO₂e basisWhich carbon the CO₂e counts. Fossil only leaves out biogenic CO₂ and land use; net total counts every pool, net of removals. The same activity on two bases is two different numbers. Learn more
- Net total
- Not split by gas; CO₂e only
- Life cycle
- Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: not coveredEnd of life: partly covered
Medium quality · Open licence · Any year
Module by module, up to the total
Seventeen EN 15804 modules, always in the same order. Each declared one moves the running total. D sits below zero after the total, because it is reported beside it.
beside the total, not in it
| Module | Name | Per kilogram | Per t as declared | Running total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1-A3 | Product stage | 0.0176 | 17.6 | 0.0176 | Declared |
| A4 | Transport to site | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| A5 | Installation | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B1 | Use | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B2 | Maintenance | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B3 | Repair | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B4 | Replacement | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B5 | Refurbishment | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B6 | Energy in use | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| B7 | Water in use | not declared | 0.0176 | Not declared | |
| C1 | Demolition | 0.00788 | 7.88 | 0.02548 | Declared |
| C2 | Waste transport | 0.0541 | 54.1 | 0.07958 | Declared |
| C3 | Waste processing | 0.0158 | 15.8 | 0.09538 | Declared |
| C4 | Disposal | 0.00255 | 2.55 | 0.09793 | Declared |
| Total | EPD total, declared modules | 0.09793 | 97.93 | Sum of the declared modules | |
| D | Beyond the system boundary | −0.0207 | −20.7 | not added | Beside the total, not in it |
Scenarios and units
Some EPDs price a module under several scenarios, such as different end-of-life routes. Each gets a tab, and each module's default is marked.
One scenario, as declared
Every module has one value, so there is nothing to choose.
- Per t, as declared97.93
- Per kilogram, served0.09793
What this number covers
Follow one kilogram of this product through EN 15804's stages. The total counts what the EPD declares; what it leaves out stays visible.
A1-A3Product
Materials and making the product
Included0.0176A4-A5Construction
Delivery and installation
Not declaredB1-B7Use
The product in service: maintenance, repair, replacement and the energy and water it uses
Not declaredC1-C4End of life
From demolition to disposal
Included0.0803DBeyond the boundary
Recovery after end of life
Not in the total−0.0207
Outside this boundary
- Installation
- Maintenance
- Outbound transport
- Retail
- Use phase
- Recycling credit
Maintenance is out because B2 is not declared. The recycling credit is module D, shown beside the total.
Gases
ITB EPD publishes this factor as CO₂e only, with no split by gas. The CO₂e counts fossil, biogenic and land-use carbon together.
From ITB EPD's record to a comparable factor
ITB EPD publishes this EPD as one declared value. Each field as printed, and what open-climate.ai made of it.
The total and its modules
Use a module on its own when you report it in a different year or scope; never add one to the total.
About this factor
From ITB EPD
What it is
The values determined to calculate A1 (cement) and A3 originate from verified CEMEX LCI inventory data. A1 values (raw materials) were prepared considering specific EPDs, Ecoinvent data and economic allocation data processed for ashes. The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general requirements provided in ITB PCR A and EN 15804. As no co-products are produced, the flow of materials and energy and the associated release of substances and energy into the environment are related exclusively to the concrete mix produced. Cements (produced by 3 cement plants of CEMEX in Poland) were used identified as the weighted average mass of production for each plant. In the case of fly ash, eco-product from electricity production used as a cement constituent, economic allocation was applied. Minimum 99.5% of impacts from the production lines were allocated to product covered by this declaration. Emissions allocated in clinker/cement production (module A1) are assessed using international methods for ETS system declaration. The specific prices for fly ash declared by the producer were used for the economic allocation. Calculations for GWP indicator are made taking into account gross and net emissions. The indicated gross value includes the CO2 emissions from waste incineration (excluding biomass fraction of fuels), net-value excluding impacts from alternative waste-based fuels. In this assessment, all information gathered from data collection for the production of concrete has been modelled, i.e. all raw materials used, the electrical energy and other fuels used, use of ancillary materials and all direct production waste. Transport data on input was considered. No cut-offs have been made in accordance with EN 15804. The machines and facilities (capital goods) required for and during production are excluded, as is transportation of employees. Calculations for GWP indicator are made taking into account gross and net emissions.Where it applies
Concrete is specified and supplied in accordance with EN 206. Delivered to site on a just-in-time basis, mixed concrete may be cast into any conceivable shape with almost no limit on volume. When hardened, concrete can carry substantial compressive loads by itself, but is more frequently reinforced to substantially increase its tensile and flexural strength. Concrete is used for site-mixed structures, precast structures and structural precast products in buildings prefabricated structures and structural prefabricated products in buildings and buildings. Cemex products specified in accordance with the documents: PN-EN 206, PN-S-9612, PN-EN 14227-1, PN-EN 14227-3, PN-EN 14227-5, PN-EN 998-2 and National Technical Assessments of Cemex products cited on the website www.cemex.comSource and licence
- Value
- Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
- Publisher
- ITB EPD
- Published
- 2 October 2026
- Valid until
- 31 December 2026
The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.
Cite this factor
ITB EPD Program, programme operator Instytut Techniki Budowlanej (ITB), EPD data from https://itb.lca-data.com. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/itb_epd/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-itbepd-vertua_concrete_groups-global-kg-epd_total-675c09f3/?v=efv1-269db091222ef70f3165b5276e6a1151
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