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Emission factor from Boverket v02.07.000

Photovoltaic cells, OPV

Sweden · EPD total · Any year

Each square metre counts as 15.1 kg CO₂e: 15 up to the factory gate and 0.144 for transport to site.

Value for any year

15.1kgCO₂e/m²

Biogenic CO₂ and land use excluded · GWP100 · AR4

FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂GHG Protocol and IPCC inventories

One value, for any year

Boverket sets no date window, so there is no year to pick.

Reference year 2026

Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of Boverket's published parts

Region
Sweden SE
Boundary
EPD total
Data quality
MediumRated by us, not by the source
Licence
Open · Boverket terms

Where 15.1 comes from

Derived by open-climate.ai

Σ 15.1: Boverket prints the two parts separately; open-climate.ai adds them up.

Reporting this square metre under the GHG Protocol

Scope 3, category 1 15 Scope 3, category 4 0.144

Goods and services you buy are Scope 3, category 1, purchased goods and services.

Delivery to you is category 4, upstream transport.

CiteAPI

The factor, standardised

Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.

Manufactured goods › Electrical equipment · Sweden · per m² · Generic

EPD total · Excl. biogenic CO₂ · AR4

Boundary
EPD total
Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy, installation and outbound transport
GWP method
IPCC AR4, 100-year horizon
As printed by Boverket
CO₂e basis
Excl. biogenic CO₂FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂GHG Protocol and IPCC inventories
Not split by gas; CO₂e only
Life cycle
Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: partly coveredEnd of life: partly covered

Medium quality · Open licence · Any year

What this number covers

What Boverket counts in the figure for one square metre, phase by phase.

  1. Upstream

    • Transport to the plant
    • Raw materials
    • Fuel supply chain
    Included

  2. Production

    • Fuel combustion
    • Manufacturing
    • Packaging
    • Purchased electricity and heat
    Included

  3. Downstream

    • Installation
    • Transport to the border
    Partly included

  4. Your record

    1 m² in your records. The factor is per m².

    = 15.1

Outside this boundary

  • Retail

Boverket does not count any of this in the figure for one square metre.

Gases

Boverket publishes this factor as CO₂e only, with no split by gas. The CO₂e leaves biogenic CO₂ and land-use carbon out; methane from biogenic sources is counted.

From Boverket's record to a comparable factor

Boverket publishes the two parts; open-climate.ai added them up to this total. Here is each field as printed and what open-climate.ai made of it.

The total and its parts

Each part has its own page, with its own years and source record. Never add a part to the total.

You are here · the totalPhotovoltaic cells, OPV, EPD total15.1
Cradle to gateScope 3, cat. 11599% of the totalOpenTransport to siteScope 3, cat. 40.1441% of the totalOpen

About this factor

From Boverket

What it is

GWP-GHG (A1-A3) applies to manufacturing of the photovoltaic cell and vary between different manufacturers and is based on some EPDs as well as LCA studies.

What it includes

Data is representative for a photovoltaic cell type OPV and are a generic example value of what is on the market.

Where it applies

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon. Data is representative for photovoltaic cells type organic photovoltaic (OPV) and are used to describe the environmental impact of production (A1-A3). Electrical energy that then arises from the solar cell is reported under module B5 Operational energy use. The declared photovoltaic cell is assumed to be encapsulated or otherwise secured inside a rigid frame and a sheet of glass to form a finished solar panel.

Source and licence

Value
Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
Publisher
Boverket (Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning)
Library
Boverket v02.07.000
Published
21 January 2026
See the source data at Boverket
Boverket's terms of use Open

The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.

Genom öppna data kan alla som vill fritt använda innehållet i databasen. Vid användandet av Boverkets generiska klimatdata ska Boverket anges som källa.
Credit it with this lineKälla: Boverket, Boverkets klimatdatabas version 02.07.000
A plain reading of the licence, not legal advice. The licence text prevails.

Cite this factor

Källa: Boverket, Boverkets klimatdatabas version 02.07.000. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/boverket/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-boverket-solcell_opv-se-m2-epd_total-28b51c2b/?v=efv1-081a2a826e67b25eacae2ef71235689c

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