USOpen licence
Steam and heat
0.226571kgCO₂e/kWh HHVGWP: AR6 (as published)
Published by U.S. EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub (Cornerstone Sustainability Data Initiative) in U.S. EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub (Cornerstone Sustainability Data Initiative) 2026.01 (Any year); last verified 2026-08-28.
Values by year and methodology
| Any year | 0.226571▣headline |
|---|
By gas
| co2 | 0.226327 | 99.9% |
| ch4 | 0.000127 | 0.1% |
| n2o | 0.000116 | 0.1% |
Cite this factor
open-climate.ai (n.d.). Steam and heat [emission factor]. U.S. EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub (Cornerstone Sustainability Data Initiative), U.S. EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub (Cornerstone Sustainability Data Initiative) 2026.01. Dataset 2026-08-28. https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-epa-steam_and_heat-us-kwh_hhv-generation-2b76021c/