Emission factor from EPD Italy EPD, product-specific
READY-MIX CONCRETE produced by NUOVA DEMI and CAVA SURIANA: RCK 30 ECO Brembate
Italy · EPD total · Reference year 2022
Each litre of this product counts as 0.197 kg CO₂e over the modules its EPD declares: 0.194 to make it (A1–A3) and 0.00309 at end of life.
Value per litre, over the modules the EPD declares
0.197kgCO₂e/L
EN 15804 modules A1 to A3 · Fossil only · GWP100 · AR5
Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of EPD Italy's published parts
The one scenario this EPD declaresReference year 2022
- Region
- Italy IT
- Boundary
- EPD total
- Data quality
- HighRated by us, not by the source
- Licence
- Open · EPD Italy terms
- Declared by
- FINDO S.p.A.
- Declared unit
- Served per litre ÷ 1,000
Where 0.197 comes from
- A1-A3 Product stageDerived by open-climate.aiScope 3, cat. 10.19498.4%
- End of lifeDerived by open-climate.aiScope 3, cat. 50.003091.6%
Σ 0.197: the two declared modules add up to the total.
Reporting this litre under the GHG Protocol
This period
Scope 3, category 1 0.194
You buy the product for a building that is not yours. The product and its installation go to category 1, the delivery to category 4. The use stage belongs to the building owner; demolition waste you handle is category 5.
Later, when it happens
At end of life, in the year of demolition
- End of life Scope 3, category 5 0.00309
A4, A5, B1 to B7 and C1 to C4 are not declared: nothing to report.
The factor, standardised
Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.
Materials › Minerals and aggregates · Italy · per L · Supplier-specific
EPD total · Fossil only · AR5
- BoundaryEPD totalThe sum of every EN 15804 module an EPD declares, when that set is not the complete A-C grid (MOD-0034). Learn more
- EPD total
- Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy and end of life
- GWP methodWhich IPCC assessment report's warming potentials convert each gas to CO₂e, and over how many years the warming is counted (GWP100: 100 years). Learn more
- IPCC AR5, 100-year horizon
- Not on the record; set from EPD Italy's method notes · impact method EF 3.0
- CO₂e basisWhich carbon the CO₂e counts. Fossil only leaves out biogenic CO₂ and land use; net total counts every pool, net of removals. The same activity on two bases is two different numbers. Learn more
- Fossil only
- Split by carbon origin, not by gas
- Life cycle
- Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: not coveredEnd of life: partly covered
High quality · Open licence · Any year
Module by module, up to the total
Seventeen EN 15804 modules, always in the same order. Each declared one moves the running total.
| Module | Name | Per litre | Per m³ as declared | Running total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | Raw material supply | 0.194 | 194 | 0.194 | Declared |
| A2 | Transport to the plant | 0.000177 | 0.177 | 0.194177 | Declared |
| A3 | Manufacturing | 0.000000205 | 0.000205 | 0.194177 | Declared |
| A4 | Transport to site | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| A5 | Installation | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B1 | Use | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B2 | Maintenance | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B3 | Repair | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B4 | Replacement | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B5 | Refurbishment | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B6 | Energy in use | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| B7 | Water in use | not declared | 0.194177 | Not declared | |
| C1 | Demolition | 0.00069 | 0.69 | 0.194867 | Declared |
| C2 | Waste transport | 0.0000105 | 0.0105 | 0.194878 | Declared |
| C3 | Waste processing | 0.00182 | 1.82 | 0.196698 | Declared |
| C4 | Disposal | 0.000573 | 0.573 | 0.197271 | Declared |
| Total | EPD total, declared modules | 0.197271 | 197.271 | Sum of the declared modules | |
| D | Beyond the system boundary | not declared | not added | Not declared |
Scenarios and units
Some EPDs price a module under several scenarios, such as different end-of-life routes. Each gets a tab, and each module's default is marked.
One scenario, as declared
Every module has one value, so there is nothing to choose.
- Per m³, as declared197.271
- Per litre, served0.197271
What this number covers
Follow one litre of this product through EN 15804's stages. The total counts what the EPD declares; what it leaves out stays visible.
A1-A3Product
Materials and making the product
Included0.194A4-A5Construction
Delivery and installation
Not declaredB1-B7Use
The product in service: maintenance, repair, replacement and the energy and water it uses
Not declaredC1-C4End of life
From demolition to disposal
Included0.00309DBeyond the boundary
Recovery after end of life
Not declared
Outside this boundary
- Installation
- Maintenance
- Outbound transport
- Retail
- Use phase
- Recycling credit
Maintenance is out because B2 is not declared.
Gases
- Fossil CO₂e0.197
- Biogenic CO₂e0.00281
- Land-use CO₂e0.0000917
The total counts fossil CO₂e. EPD Italy reports biogenic and land-use CO₂e separately; they are shown beside it, not added.
From EPD Italy's record to a comparable factor
EPD Italy publishes this EPD as one declared value. Each field as printed, and what open-climate.ai made of it.
The total and its modules
Use a module on its own when you report it in a different year or scope; never add one to the total.
About this factor
From EPD Italy
What it is
In accordance with EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, specific data referring to 2021 were used for all processes over which the manufacturer has influence, therefore: - UPSTREAM phase (A1-A2): data on weight, quantity, raw materials and waste are site-specific as they are derived either from the company's own databases or from reworkings provided directly by the company and summarised in a 'Data Collection Checklist'. Material types and processes were taken from the Ecoinvent 3.8 database; - CORE phase (A3): data are site-specific and taken directly from the company's databases. The company is supplied through the national energy system, and therefore the Italian 'energy mix' is adopted. In the use of generic data, referring to the period 2010-2020, criteria of: - geographical equivalence, considering similar Italian or at most European systems; - technological equivalence, considering comparable technological systems through literature searches; - equivalence with respect to system boundaries, considering systems with similar inputs and outputs and similar stages. or disposal scenarios, reference was made to Italian and European statistical data and scientific literature on construction waste disposal.ù Proxy data do not impact more than 5%. The allocation was made on the basis of the quantities produced. Excluded were: - employee travel; - routine and extraordinary maintenance of the aggregates treatment plant; - packaging of auxiliary materials. The cut-off threshold is less than 0.2%.Where it applies
Concrete is a mixture of cement, water and aggregates, with additives added as required. RCK 30 ECO Brembate: Cement 12,26% Additives 0,09% Water 6,40% Aggregates Naturals 47,90% Aggregates Artificial 33,34%Source and licence
- Value
- Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
- Publisher
- EPD Italy (ICMQ)
- Published
- 2 October 2026
- Valid until
- 31 December 2027
The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.
Cite this factor
EPD Italy (ICMQ), EPD data from https://epditaly.lca-data.com. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/epd_italy/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-epditaly-readymix_concrete-it-l-epd_total-4cc5a9cd/?v=efv1-757ecda3146bf07124ee356619d86b78
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