Emission factor from Kiwa-EE EPD, product-specific

Insulating glass, triple glazed, coated

Finland · EPD total · Reference year 2022

Each square metre of this product counts as 45.6 kg CO₂e over the modules its EPD declares: 42.1 to make it (A1–A3) and 3.59 at end of life.

Value per square metre, over the modules the EPD declares

45.6kgCO₂e/m²

EN 15804 modules A1 to A3 · Fossil only · GWP100 · AR5

Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of Kiwa-EE's published parts

The one scenario this EPD declaresReference year 2022

Region
Finland FI
Boundary
EPD total
Data quality
HighRated by us, not by the source
Licence
Open · Kiwa-EE terms
Declared by
PLG Haapajärvi Oy

Where 45.6 comes from

Derived by open-climate.ai

Σ 45.6: the two declared modules add up to the total. D stays beside it.

Reporting this square metre under the GHG Protocol

This period

Scope 3, category 1 42.1

You buy the product for a building that is not yours. The product and its installation go to category 1, the delivery to category 4. The use stage belongs to the building owner; demolition waste you handle is category 5.

Later, when it happens

At end of life, in the year of demolition

  • End of life Scope 3, category 5 3.59

Outside the scopes, reported separately

  • D −8

A4, A5, B1 to B7 and C1 to C4 are not declared: nothing to report.

CiteAPI

The factor, standardised

Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.

Materials › Glass and ceramics · Finland · per m² · Supplier-specific

EPD total · Fossil only · AR5

Boundary
EPD total
Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy and end of life
GWP method
IPCC AR5, 100-year horizon
Not on the record; set from Kiwa-EE's method notes · impact method EF 3.0
CO₂e basis
Fossil only
Split by carbon origin, not by gas
Life cycle
Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: not coveredEnd of life: partly covered

High quality · Open licence · Any year

Module by module, up to the total

Seventeen EN 15804 modules, always in the same order. Each declared one moves the running total. D sits below zero after the total, because it is reported beside it.

kgCO₂e per square metre. Each bar starts where the one before ended. Pick a module to read it.
Product
Con­struc­tion
A4 to A5not de­clared
Use
B1 to B7not de­clared
End of life
C1not de­clared
Beyond the boundary

beside the total, not in it

What this number covers

Follow one square metre of this product through EN 15804's stages. The total counts what the EPD declares; what it leaves out stays visible.

  1. A1-A3Product

    Materials and making the product

    Included42.1
  2. A4-A5Construction

    Delivery and installation

    Not declared
  3. B1-B7Use

    The product in service: maintenance, repair, replacement and the energy and water it uses

    Not declared
  4. C1-C4End of life

    Waste transport to disposal; C1 not declared

    C2 to C43.59
  5. DBeyond the boundary

    Recovery after end of life

    Not in the total−8

Outside this boundary

  • Installation
  • Maintenance
  • Outbound transport
  • Retail
  • Use phase
  • Recycling credit

Maintenance is out because B2 is not declared. The recycling credit is module D, shown beside the total.

Gases

  • Fossil CO₂e45.6
  • Biogenic CO₂e0.378
  • Land-use CO₂e0.0158

The total counts fossil CO₂e. Kiwa-EE reports biogenic and land-use CO₂e separately; they are shown beside it, not added.

From Kiwa-EE's record to a comparable factor

Kiwa-EE publishes this EPD as one declared value. Each field as printed, and what open-climate.ai made of it.

The total and its modules

Use a module on its own when you report it in a different year or scope; never add one to the total.

You are here · the EPD total45.6
D beside−8
The two modules add up to the total; D stays beside it. Each opens its own page.

About this factor

From Kiwa-EE

What it is

Product Triple glazed insulation glass units are sealed units that comprise three sheets of flat glass separated by two 16 mm spacer strips, and are sealed around the edge. One glass is selective coated and the two other glasses are clear glass. All glasses have a thickness of 4 mm. The mass of 1 m² product is 31.34 kg. Main Componentskg/m²Flat glass, clear, 2 sheets20.000Flat glass, coated10.000Spacer strip0.356Inner sealant0.044Outer sealant0.700Desiccant0.170Filling gas, argon0.070A desiccant is applied within the unit to prevent condensation on the inside surfaces. The units are available in a wide range of dimensions and configurations. This EPD covers the units with 3 pcs of 4 mm glasses with argon gas filling. One glass is coated and the 2 other ones are clear. The products can be produced with a wide size range, starting from 0.1 m² up to 6 m². A typical size is about 1 m². The product is used in windows and doors. Packaging and transportation The insultating glass units are packed into specialised racks which are re-used numerous times. The racks are circulating between the insulating glass producer and the window and door producer. The insulating glass units are delivered mainly to the window and door producers ready for installation. The Insulation glass units fulfill the product standard EN 1279-5:2018 Glass in building. Insulating glass units. Part 5: Product standard. The units are CE-marked according to this standard and according to the AVCP class 3. The insulating glass units have also a FI-product certificate issued by the certification body Inspecta Sertifiointi Oy. The glass used in the units fulfills standards EN 572-9:2004 Glass in construction. The glass also complies the following standards: - EN 572-1 Glass in construction - Basic products: basic soda-lime silicate glass – Part 1: definition and general physical and mechanical properties; - EN 572-2 – Glass in construction – Basic products: basic soda-lime silicate glass – Part 2: Float glass. Declared PropertiesValueUnitFire resistanceNPD Reaction to fireNPD External fire performanceNPD Bullet resistanceNPD Explosion resistanceNPD Fracture resistanceNPD Impact resistance of pendulum bodyNPD Acoustic attenuation to direct airborne noise 33 dBEmissivityNPD Thermal properties (U-value)0.9W/m²KLight transmittance74%Light reflection18%Solar energy transmittance52%Solar energy reflection29%Solar factor59g, %NPD = No Performance Declared Data is provided by the manufacturer and the data was collected from 2022-01-01 until 2022-12-31. The geographical representativeness is good, because the environmental impact information is partly from Finland and partly from Europe. Three product specific EPD information are used for the main raw material components of the product. The technical representativeness is good, because there exists only one production process and the environmental impact per functional unit does not change, when the size of the product changes. The time representativeness is good: the used Ecoinvent 3.6 database values are updated 2019, and the EPD calculation is based on the production year 2022. The overall data quality for this EPD can therefore be described as "good". All relevant process-specific data was collected in the internal controlling. In all possible cases, primary data from customers was used, which is of good quality. In addition, secondary data from the Ecoinvent database (2019, version 3.6) was used when no primary data could be supplied. The database is checked regularly and, therefore, fulfills the requirements of EN ISO 14040/44 (background data not older than 10 years). The background data meets the requirements of EN 15804+A2. The quantities of raw materials, consumables and supplies used and the energy were recorded and with this the material usage for the declared unit determined. The general rule that specific data from certain production processes or average data derived from specific processes must have priority when calculating an EPD or LCA, was adhered to. Data for processes over which the manufacturer has no influence were assigned to generic data/scenarios. When selecting these, the data set/scenario that most realistically represents the processes was selected. The production energy consumption per 3 glass insulating glass units is based on allocation, where the total energy consumption of the production site is allocated to 3 glass insulating glass with the factor, which is a percentage of this product type compared to the whole production of different glass units. The production volume is measured in m² of insulation glass units. As no country specific data on the benefits at the end-of-life was available, the Dutch Environmental Database (NMD) scenarios were used.

What it includes

The unit is mounted at the window or door factory to the window to the wooden or aluminium frames, which are then transported the construction site for mounting into the building. Sometimes the insulation glass unit is transported directly to the construction site for direct mounting into the building.

Where it applies

The units will be mounted into window or door frames at the window production factory.

Source and licence

Value
Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
Publisher
Kiwa-Ecobility Experts EPD programme (Kiwa GmbH)
Published
2 October 2026
Valid until
31 December 2029
See the source data at Kiwa-EE

The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.

Credit it with this lineKiwa-Ecobility Experts EPD programme (Kiwa GmbH), EPD data from https://kiwa.lca-data.com
A plain reading of the licence, not legal advice. The licence text prevails.

Cite this factor

Kiwa-Ecobility Experts EPD programme (Kiwa GmbH), EPD data from https://kiwa.lca-data.com. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/kiwa_ee/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-kiwaee-insulating_glass_triple-fi-m2-epd_total-9ba1246a/?v=efv1-054cfab6afcd1b044fc647897899dc16

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