Value per kilogram, over the modules the EPD declares
0.467kgCO₂e/kg
EN 15804 modules A1 to A3 · Fossil only · GWP100 · AR5
The one scenario this EPD declaresReference year 2023
- Region
- Europe
- Boundary
- Cradle to gate
- Data quality
- HighRated by us, not by the source
- Licence
- Open · MRPI terms
- Declared by
- Van Merksteijn International B.V.
- Declared unit
- 1 kg, served per kilogram ÷ 1,000
Where 0.467 comes from
- Scope 3, cat. 10.32669.8%
- Scope 3, cat. 10.04118.8%
- Scope 3, cat. 10.099821.4%
Σ 0.4669: the three parts add up to MRPI's total, which it prints as 0.467.
Reporting this kilogram under the GHG Protocol
Scope 3, category 1 0.467
You buy the product for a building that is not yours. The product and its installation go to category 1, the delivery to category 4. The use stage belongs to the building owner; demolition waste you handle is category 5.
A4, A5, B1 to B7 and C1 to C4 are not declared: nothing to report.
The factor, standardised
Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.
Materials › Metals · Europe · per kg · Supplier-specific
Cradle to gate · Fossil only · AR5
- BoundaryCradle to gateExtraction of raw materials through production, up to the producer's factory gate. Learn more
- Cradle to gate
- Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging and purchased energy
- GWP methodWhich IPCC assessment report's warming potentials convert each gas to CO₂e, and over how many years the warming is counted (GWP100: 100 years). Learn more
- IPCC AR5, 100-year horizon
- Not on the record; set from MRPI's method notes · impact method EF 3.0
- CO₂e basisWhich carbon the CO₂e counts. Fossil only leaves out biogenic CO₂ and land use; net total counts every pool, net of removals. The same activity on two bases is two different numbers. Learn more
- Fossil only
- Split by carbon origin, not by gas
- Life cycle
- Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: not coveredEnd of life: not covered
High quality · Open licence · Any year
Module by module, up to the total
Seventeen EN 15804 modules, always in the same order. Each declared one moves the running total.
| Module | Name | Per kilogram | Per kg as declared | Running total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | Raw material supply | 0.326 | 326 | 0.326 | Declared |
| A2 | Transport to the plant | 0.0411 | 41.1 | 0.3671 | Declared |
| A3 | Manufacturing | 0.0998 | 99.8 | 0.4669 | Declared |
| A4 | Transport to site | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| A5 | Installation | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B1 | Use | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B2 | Maintenance | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B3 | Repair | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B4 | Replacement | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B5 | Refurbishment | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B6 | Energy in use | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| B7 | Water in use | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| C1 | Demolition | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| C2 | Waste transport | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| C3 | Waste processing | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| C4 | Disposal | not declared | 0.4669 | Not declared | |
| Total | EPD total, declared modules | 0.467 | 467 | Sum of the declared modules | |
| D | Beyond the system boundary | not declared | not added | Not declared |
Scenarios and units
Some EPDs price a module under several scenarios, such as different end-of-life routes. Each gets a tab, and each module's default is marked.
One scenario, as declared
Every module has one value, so there is nothing to choose.
- Per kg, as declared467
- Per kilogram, served0.467
What this number covers
Follow one kilogram of this product through EN 15804's stages. The total counts what the EPD declares; what it leaves out stays visible.
A1-A3Product
Materials and making the product
Included0.467A4-A5Construction
Delivery and installation
Not declaredB1-B7Use
The product in service: maintenance, repair, replacement and the energy and water it uses
Not declaredC1-C4End of life
From demolition to disposal
Not declaredDBeyond the boundary
Recovery after end of life
Not declared
Outside this boundary
- Installation
- Maintenance
- Outbound transport
- Retail
- Use phase
- End of life
- Recycling credit
Maintenance is out because B2 is not declared.
Gases
- Fossil CO₂e0.467
- Biogenic CO₂e0.277
- Land-use CO₂e0.00237
The total counts fossil CO₂e. MRPI reports biogenic and land-use CO₂e separately; they are shown beside it, not added.
From MRPI's record to a comparable factor
MRPI publishes this EPD per kg, with one value per module. Each field as printed, and what open-climate.ai made of it.
The total and its modules
Use a module on its own when you report it in a different year or scope; never add one to the total.
About this factor
From MRPI
What it is
Reinforcing Mesh made out of sustainable produced steelScope and type: Wirerod from European suppliers is processed in Reinforcing Mesh Plus according to the European standards in Almelo, the Netherlands, processing plant. EPD is valid for the European market EN15804 + A2 and follows the general ISO14025 standard. The Almelo production site uses for this renewable power. LCA is conducted using the Ecoinvent 3.6 database, Simapro 9.4 LCA software. PRODUCT STAGE CONSTRUCTION USE STAGE END OF LIFE BENEFITS AND PROCESS STAGE LOADS BEYOND THE STAGE SYSTEM BOUNDARIES x x x ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND x x x x x X = Modules Assessed ND = Not Declared LCA process diagram according to EN 15804 7.2.1Representativeness: An average production output based on the plant configuration has been retained. The average is conservatively calculated worst-case scenario based on production demand and contracted output of the Almelo processing plant. 93% Of the product is based on already verified EPDs from suppliers, the remaining wirerod 7% has been modelled with Ecoinvent references representative for steel rebar in Europe. At all times, the choice has been made to calculate with processes and database references that match the geographical context of the production process. Standard profiles that do not match geographically have been adjusted to be geographically accurate location as representative as possible.Calculation rules: Average mode of transport have been assumed for A2 No cut-off criteria have been used nor any type of allocation. The product exists for 93% out of previously verified EPDs. The infrastructure for the production has been cut-off based on the cut-off criteria. Based on the annual production numbers and impact per tonne wiring rod, infrastructure comes at <E-11.Scenarios and additional technical information Production and extraction of raw material- and energy flows A1 Extraction of raw materials. Steel rebar is sourced from several suppliers in Europe - Arcelor Mittal - Celsa Atlantic - Sidenor - Stahl Gerlafingen. 92,44% of this rebar is covered by EPDs EN15804:A2, the remainder is modelled in Simapro using appropiate Ecoinvent references. Transport between extraction and manufacturing A2 Transport between production sites takes place between suppliers in various locations in Europe and the Almelo site in the Netherlands. Internal transports take place for transhipment and within the factory gates of the manufacturing sites. Wirerod is transported over road, inland waters, sea and rail. Manufacturing to product A3 At the Almelo site, the sourced wirerod is manufactured into Reinforcing Mesh Plus. This might also include welded fabric, rebar or coilsDeclaration of SVHC: This product does not contain any substances on the SVHC candidate list.More information: Wapeningsproducten - Van Merksteijn International (van-merksteijn.com)What it includes
Reinforcing steel Œ Van Merksteijn International Steel Wirerod produced by European steel wirerod suppliers is processed into reinforcing mesh plus at Van Merksteijn™s manufacturing plant in Almelo, the Netherlands according to the European standards. Reference service life = 100 years About Van Merksteijn International Steel and Van Merksteijn are often mentioned in one breath. All over the world. No wonder, considering the fact that Van Merksteijn is widely seen as the number one authority in the field of reinforcement products and fencing panels. Our reputation is the result of hard work, a forward-looking vision, and, of course, knowledge, experience, and craftsmanship. And do you know what distinguishes us even more than all of this? Our overall quality. Yes, we place high demands on quality. Very high. You might say, sky-high. In every conceivable area. It™s the only way we can be sure to keep delivering the very best. In terms of service, speed, problem-solving drive and partnership. In terms of sustainability, safety, working conditions. It all starts with wire rod, then it just keeps going. It™s always been that way, and always will be. Chemical composition Bulk density C Mn Si P S Unit [t/m3] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] COMPONENT > 1% of total mass [%] Steel Rebar European suppliers, EPD 1000Source and licence
- Publisher
- MRPI (Stichting MRPI)
- Library
- MRPI MRPI_2026-10-02
- Record
- 961a16fe-8000-4754-b034-23b40d3ae32b
- Published
- 2 October 2026
- Valid until
- 31 December 2028
- Status
- Specific dataset
The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.
Cite this factor
MRPI (Stichting MRPI), EPD data from https://data.mrpi.nl. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/mrpi/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-mrpi-reinforcing_mesh_plus-europe-kg-cradle_to_gate-5ef47e47/?v=efv1-a23993ea44c9098eddf7f06f818f1cf1
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