open-climate.aiFactors

Emission factor from Syke

Other building, transport and communications building

Finland · EPD total · Any year

Each square metre of net floor area counts as 192 kg CO₂e: 109 up to the factory gate and 83 for replacement.

Value for any year

192kgCO₂e/m² net floor area

Fossil only · GWP100 · GWP vintage not stated

FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil

One value, for any year

Syke sets no date window, so there is no year to pick.

Reference year 2026

Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of Syke's published parts

Region
Finland FI
Boundary
EPD total
Data quality
MediumRated by us, not by the source
Licence
Open · Syke terms

Where 192 comes from

Derived by open-climate.ai

Σ 192: Syke prints the two parts separately; open-climate.ai adds them up.

Reporting this square metre under the GHG Protocol

This period

Scope 3, category 2 109

Bought as a capital good that you keep, it is Scope 3, category 2, counted in the year you buy it.

Later, when it happens

During use

  • Replacement Scope 3, category 2 83
CiteAPI

The factor, standardised

Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.

Buildings and infrastructure › Building construction · Finland · per m² net floor area · Generic

EPD total · Fossil only

Boundary
EPD total
Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy and maintenance
GWP method
Not stated by the publisher
CO₂e basis
Fossil onlyFossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil
Not split by gas; CO₂e only
Life cycle
Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: partly coveredEnd of life: partly covered

Medium quality · Open licence · Any year

What this number covers

What Syke counts in the figure for 1 m² net floor area, phase by phase.

  1. Upstream

    • Transport to the plant
    • Raw materials
    • Fuel supply chain
    Included

  2. Production

    • Fuel combustion
    • Manufacturing
    • Packaging
    • Purchased electricity and heat
    Included

  3. Downstream

    • Maintenance
    Partly included

  4. Your record

    1 m² net floor area in your records. The factor is per m² net floor area.

    = 192

Outside this boundary

  • Retail

Syke does not count any of this in the figure for 1 m² net floor area.

Gases

Syke publishes this factor as CO₂e only, with no split by gas. The CO₂e counts fossil carbon only; biogenic CO₂, biogenic methane and land-use carbon are left out.

From Syke's record to a comparable factor

Syke publishes the two parts; open-climate.ai added them up to this total. Here is each field as printed and what open-climate.ai made of it.

The total and its parts

Each part has its own page, with its own years and source record. Never add a part to the total.

You are here · the totalOther building, transport and communications building, EPD total192
Cradle to gateScope 3, cat. 210956.8% of the totalOpenReplacementScope 3, cat. 28343.2% of the totalOpen

About this factor

From Syke

What it is

The proposed emission value for building services equipment is based on data modeling of building designs from the lists of equipment and electrical components of the contractors. All sites were real construction projects. The value is given per heated net area of ​​the building. These values include whole evaluation period including maintenance and product replacements. With regard to the calculation of emissions from building technology materials, a conservative factor of 1.2 has been taken into account. The values represent typical building services for each building types and are intended for use in building services calculations, even if they do not fully reflect the actual building design. If the actual building includes additional systems that are not covered in the calculation scope, these must be added separately, for example in the case of special systems like elevators and escalators. The values also do not include site-specific building services. Any building services components that do not serve the building, such as outdoor lighting or electrical systems for external canopies, must be added separately to the site.

What it includes

Building service systems: electrical systems, A1-A3 = 31 kg CO2e/m2 cooling systems, A1-A3 = 17 kg CO2e/m2 domestic water systems, A1-A3 = 2 kg CO2e/m2 heating systems, A1-A3 = 35 kg CO2e/m2 drainage systems, A1-A3 = 4 kg CO2e/m2 ventilation systems, A1-A3 = 18 kg CO2e/m2 ventilation systems, ventilation unit, A1-A3 = 13 kg CO2e/m2 ventilation systems, ventilation ducts, A1-A3 = 5 kg CO2e/m2 fire extinguishing system, A1-A3 = 3 kg CO2e/m2 electrical systems, B4 = 13 kg CO2e/m2 cooling systems, B4 = 22 kg CO2e/m2 heating systems, B4 = 18 kg CO2e/m2 ventilation systems, B4 = 26 kg CO2e/m2 ventilation systems, ventilation unit, B4 = 26 kg CO2e/m2 fire extinguishing system, B4 = 3 kg CO2e/m2

Source and licence

Value
Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
Publisher
Finnish Environment Institute (Syke)
Library
Syke v1.01.010
Published
25 September 2026
See the source data at Syke
Syke's terms of use Open

The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.

The contents of the databases are freely available for use as a machine-readable and continuously updated file in JSON format.
Credit it with this lineSource: CO2data.fi, Finnish Environment Institute (Syke)
A plain reading of the licence, not legal advice. The licence text prevails.

Cite this factor

Source: CO2data.fi, Finnish Environment Institute (Syke). Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/syke/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-syke-other_building_transport-fi-m2_nfa-epd_total-22fcfa5f/?v=efv1-03b074eb335a1b14f9347a6fc08dc3d3

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