for Limestone aggregates

Data flows have been modelled as realistically as possible. Data quality assessment is based on the principle that the primary data used for processes occurring at the production site is selected in the first instance. Where this is not available, other reference data is selected from appropriate sources. The quality of the data is assessed as good and appropriate were collected consistently and based on the period between 01.01.2023 and 31.12.2023. Secondary data are taken from the Ecoinvent 3.10 database. The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general ITB-PCR A. The allocation of flows from a particular quarry is proportional to its production mass output based on life cycle inventory data during considered period (1.1.2023 – 31.12.2023). All the basic materials used as raw materials, utilized energy carriers, internal fuel consumption and electricity consumption, any direct production waste, and all emission measurements available have been included. Any axuiliary materials (e.g. belts and rolls for conveyors, filters, tyers, lubrictants) were inculded in calculation. Machines and facilities required during production have been treated as capital goods and their production is therefore not included in the LCA. Also transportation of workers was excluded from the LCA analysis. Sum of processes and impacts omitted in the calculations does not exceed 5% of all impact categories in accordance with the EN 15804+A2.

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The products are limestone aggregates of various grain sizes. Produced from Devonian limestone extracted from the deposit Sitkowka near Kielce, Poland. Limestone has a compact structure, light and dark gray in color. Coarse-grained aggregates: - mineral - asphalt concrete subgrade - binding and reinforcing courses of asphalt concrete - surface course of asphalt concrete - surface coating mixes - concrete precasting - concrete mixtures Continuous graded aggregates: - subbase and subgrade courses mechanically stabilized - cement-stabilized course - improved subgrade course: frost-resistant course and filter course - unbound mixtures subbases - filler for mixtures and surfaces - filler for concretes Hydrotechnical stone: - protection for escarpments and slopes - filling of gabions (wire and stone constructions) - floodbanks (especially in the sealing process) - securing bridge pillars and bridge abutments - use in metallurgy, paper and energy industries -