US-RFCMOpen licence

Electricity generation - Total output rate

0.543482kgCO₂e/kWhGWP: AR5 (as published)

computed total: the publisher never printed this figureAdded by open-climate.ai

Published by U.S. EPA Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) in U.S. EPA Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) eGRID2023 rev2 (Any year); last verified 2026-08-28.

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About this factor

Description by open-climate.ai

Added by open-climate.ai: eGRID's published generation factor for this grid (RFC Michigan (eGRID)) plus open-climate.ai's estimates of the fuel supply chain upstream of generation and of the electricity lost in transmission and distribution, with its own fuel supply chain. For 2023 (production mix): 0.4426962 kg CO2e/kWh for generation, 0.0779053 kg CO2e/kWh for the fuel supply chain upstream of generation and 0.02288 kg CO2e/kWh for the electricity lost in transmission and distribution with its own fuel supply chain, 0.5434815 kg CO2e/kWh in total. Under the GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance (Appendix B), losses are reported with the location-based factor whatever the mix, so a market-based or green value of this factor carries the same loss part as a location-based one. Quality: low, the lowest of its parts. Sources: eGRID (US Government work, public domain); eGRID grid gross loss rates (US Government work, public domain); UK Government GHG conversion factors (Open Government Licence v3.0); eGRID subregion resource mix (US Government work, public domain); co2emissiefactoren.nl (co2emissiefactoren.nl terms of use). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Not published or endorsed by eGRID, the UK Government or co2emissiefactoren.nl.

Values by year and methodology

Any year0.543482▣headline

Decomposition

Reported beside the value above, outside its boundary. Never added to it.

Cite this factor

open-climate.ai (n.d.). Electricity generation - Total output rate [emission factor]. U.S. EPA Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID), U.S. EPA Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) eGRID2023 rev2. Dataset 2026-08-28. https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-egrid-electricity_generation-us_rfcm-kwh-well_to_use-e0a80922/