Emission factor from EPD Danmark EPD, product-specific
Randers Tegl – Roof tiles - EPD Group 903 - RT856
Europe · Cradle to grave, embodied · Reference year 2026
Value per square metre, over the modules the EPD declares
12.6kgCO₂e/m²
EN 15804 modules A1 to A5 · Fossil only · GWP100 · AR5
Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of EPD Danmark's published parts
The one scenario this EPD declaresReference year 2026
- Region
- Europe
- Boundary
- Cradle to grave, embodied
- Data quality
- HighRated by us, not by the source
- Licence
- Open · EPD Danmark terms
- Declared by
- Randers Tegl A/S
Where 12.6 comes from
- A1-A3 Product stageScope 3, cat. 211.691.8%
- Scope 3, cat. 40.2582%
- A5 InstallationScope 3, cat. 20.2181.7%
- End of lifeDerived by open-climate.aiScope 3, cat. 50.5584.4%
- Outside the scopes−0.438beside
Σ 12.6: the four declared modules add up to the total. D stays beside it.
Reporting this square metre under the GHG Protocol
This period
Scope 3, category 2 11.8 Scope 3, category 4 0.258
The product becomes part of a building you own. The product and its installation go to category 2 in the year you buy it, the delivery to category 4. Use and end of life are reported in the years they happen.
Later, when it happens
At end of life, in the year of demolition
- End of life Scope 3, category 5 0.558
Outside the scopes, reported separately
- D −0.438
B1 to B7 and C1 to C4 are not declared: nothing to report.
The factor, standardised
Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.
Materials › Construction products · Europe · per m² · Supplier-specific
Cradle to grave, embodied · Fossil only · AR5
- BoundaryCradle to grave, embodiedThe whole life cycle EXCEPT the use stage: cradle_to_gate plus distribution to site, installation and end-of-life (EN 15804 A1-A3 + A4 + A5 + C1-C4). Learn more
- Cradle to grave, embodied
- Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy, installation, outbound transport and end of life
- GWP methodWhich IPCC assessment report's warming potentials convert each gas to CO₂e, and over how many years the warming is counted (GWP100: 100 years). Learn more
- IPCC AR5, 100-year horizon
- Not on the record; set from EPD Danmark's method notes · impact method EF 3.1
- CO₂e basisWhich carbon the CO₂e counts. Fossil only leaves out biogenic CO₂ and land use; net total counts every pool, net of removals. The same activity on two bases is two different numbers. Learn more
- Fossil only
- Split by carbon origin, not by gas
- Life cycle
- Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: partly coveredEnd of life: covered
High quality · Open licence · Any year
Module by module, up to the total
Seventeen EN 15804 modules, always in the same order. Each declared one moves the running total. D sits below zero after the total, because it is reported beside it.
beside the total, not in it
| Module | Name | Per square metre | Running total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1-A3 | Product stage | 11.61 | 11.61 | Declared |
| A4 | Transport to site | 0.25753 | 11.8675 | Declared |
| A5 | Installation | 0.2181 | 12.0856 | Declared |
| B1 | Use | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| B2 | Maintenance | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| B3 | Repair | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| B4 | Replacement | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| B5 | Refurbishment | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| B6 | Energy in use | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| B7 | Water in use | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| C1 | Demolition | not declared | 12.0856 | Not declared |
| C2 | Waste transport | 0.37766 | 12.4633 | Declared |
| C3 | Waste processing | 0.16909 | 12.6324 | Declared |
| C4 | Disposal | 0.010932 | 12.6433 | Declared |
| Total | EPD total, declared modules | 12.6433 | Sum of the declared modules | |
| D | Beyond the system boundary | −0.43838 | not added | Beside the total, not in it |
What this number covers
Follow one square metre of this product through EN 15804's stages. The total counts what the EPD declares; what it leaves out stays visible.
A1-A3Product
Materials and making the product
Included11.6A4-A5Construction
Delivery and installation
Included0.476B1-B7Use
The product in service: maintenance, repair, replacement and the energy and water it uses
Not declaredC1-C4End of life
Waste transport to disposal; C1 not declared
C2 to C40.558DBeyond the boundary
Recovery after end of life
Not in the total−0.438
Outside this boundary
- Maintenance
- Retail
- Use phase
- Recycling credit
Maintenance is out because B2 is not declared. The recycling credit is module D, shown beside the total.
Gases
- Fossil CO₂e12.6
- Biogenic CO₂e0.183
- Land-use CO₂e0.113
The total counts fossil CO₂e. EPD Danmark reports biogenic and land-use CO₂e separately; they are shown beside it, not added.
From EPD Danmark's record to a comparable factor
EPD Danmark publishes this EPD with one value per module. Each field as printed, and what open-climate.ai made of it.
The total and its modules
Use a module on its own when you report it in a different year or scope; never add one to the total.
About this factor
From EPD Danmark
What it is
EPD datasets generated by Randers Tegl A/S with the EPD-tool, T24001 V3.0What it includes
Bricks and tiles are covered by the harmonized technical specifications of following standards. Please refer to the specific EPD or data sheet for an overview of the product properties. • Bricks: EN 771-1:2011+A1:2015 • Tiles: EN 1304:2013 This EPD is based on a cradle-to-grave scope in which 100 weight-% has been accounted for. The product stage (A1-A3) begins with the extraction and preparation of raw materials primarily consisting of clay. Materials are excavated from quarries and blended with various secondary additives to achieve the desired aesthetic and properties. The prepared clay mixture is shaped into the desired form and dried to remove excess moisture. Subsequently, the dried product is subjected to high temperature firing in kilns, which hardens the clay, making it durable and resistant to weather and external forces. Once the declared product passes quality control, it is packaged and prepared for distribution. The construction stage includes the transport and provision of all materials, products and energy, as well as waste processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of final residues during the construction process stage. Concerning the end-of-life stage (C1-C4), a range of national scenarios are used based on data from the the Internal Guidance Document on TBE PCR for Clay Construction Products (2020). Module D includes the reuse, recovery and/or recycling potentials of the declared product, expressed as net impacts and benefits. This primarily pertains to the substitution of gravel from the recycling of crushed bricks and exported energy from the incineration of product packaging.Where it applies
Roof tiles are used as outer, protective layer in roof constructions. They offer durability and enhance the building's aesthetic appeal.Source and licence
- Value
- Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
- Publisher
- EPD Danmark (Teknologisk Institut)
- Published
- 2 October 2026
- Valid until
- 31 December 2031
The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.
Cite this factor
EPD Danmark (Teknologisk Institut), EPD data from https://data.epddanmark.dk. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/epd_danmark/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-epddanmark-randers_tegl_roof_tiles-europe-m2-cradle_to_grave_embodied-d084c4c8/?v=efv1-be4623c933f5e9d384c15ae0b3dbebbe
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