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Emission factor from EPD Italy EPD, industry average

Cold-rolled reinforcing steel and electrowelded mesh - EPD 2024

Italy · EPD total · Reference year 2024

Each kilogram of this product counts as 0.844 kg CO₂e over the modules its EPD declares: 0.744 to make it (A1–A3), 0.028 to deliver and place it (A4) and 0.073 at end of life.

Value per kilogram, over the modules the EPD declares

0.844kgCO₂e/kg

EN 15804 modules A1 to A4 · Fossil only · GWP100 · AR5

Derived by open-climate.ai: the sum of EPD Italy's published parts

The one scenario this EPD declaresReference year 2024

Region
Italy IT
Boundary
EPD total
Data quality
MediumRated by us, not by the source
Licence
Open · EPD Italy terms
Declared by
Alfa Acciai S.p.A.
Declared unit
Served per kilogram ÷ 1,000

Where 0.844 comes from

Derived by open-climate.ai

Σ 0.844: the three declared modules add up to the total. D stays beside it.

Reporting this kilogram under the GHG Protocol

This period

Scope 3, category 1 0.744 Scope 3, category 4 0.028

You buy the product for a building that is not yours. The product and its installation go to category 1, the delivery to category 4. The use stage belongs to the building owner; demolition waste you handle is category 5.

Later, when it happens

At end of life, in the year of demolition

  • End of life Scope 3, category 5 0.073

Outside the scopes, reported separately

  • D 0.147

A5, B1 to B7 and C1 to C4 are not declared: nothing to report.

CiteAPI

The factor, standardised

Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.

Materials › Metals · Italy · per kg · Average

EPD total · Fossil only · AR5

Boundary
EPD total
Raw materials, inbound transport, fuel supply, fuel combustion, manufacturing, packaging, purchased energy, outbound transport and end of life
GWP method
IPCC AR5, 100-year horizon
Not on the record; set from EPD Italy's method notes · impact method EF 3.0
CO₂e basis
Fossil only
Split by carbon origin, not by gas
Life cycle
Upstream: coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: partly coveredEnd of life: partly covered

Medium quality · Open licence · Any year

Module by module, up to the total

Seventeen EN 15804 modules, always in the same order. Each declared one moves the running total. D sits after the total, because it is reported beside it.

kgCO₂e per kilogram. Each bar starts where the one before ended. Pick a module to read it.
Product
Con­struc­tion
A5not de­clared
Use
B1 to B7not de­clared
End of life
Beyond the boundary

beside the total, not in it

Scenarios and units

Some EPDs price a module under several scenarios, such as different end-of-life routes. Each gets a tab, and each module's default is marked.

This factor

One scenario, as declared

Every module has one value, so there is nothing to choose.

  • Per t, as declared844.421
  • Per kilogram, served0.844421

What this number covers

Follow one kilogram of this product through EN 15804's stages. The total counts what the EPD declares; what it leaves out stays visible.

  1. A1-A3Product

    Materials and making the product

    Included0.744

  2. A4-A5Construction

    Transport to site only; A5 not declared

    A4 only0.028

  3. B1-B7Use

    The product in service: maintenance, repair, replacement and the energy and water it uses

    Not declared

  4. C1-C4End of life

    From demolition to disposal

    Included0.073

  5. DBeyond the boundary

    Recovery after end of life

    Not in the total0.147

Outside this boundary

  • Installation
  • Maintenance
  • Retail
  • Use phase
  • Recycling credit

Maintenance is out because B2 is not declared. The recycling credit is module D, shown beside the total.

Gases

  • Fossil CO₂e0.844
  • Biogenic CO₂e0.000477
  • Land-use CO₂e0.00024

The total counts fossil CO₂e. EPD Italy reports biogenic and land-use CO₂e separately; they are shown beside it, not added.

From EPD Italy's record to a comparable factor

EPD Italy publishes this EPD with one value per module. Each field as printed, and what open-climate.ai made of it.

The total and its modules

Use a module on its own when you report it in a different year or scope; never add one to the total.

You are here · the EPD total0.844
D beside0.147
The three modules add up to the total; D stays beside it. Each opens its own page.

About this factor

From EPD Italy

What it is

1 ton of cold rolled product in bars Data quality has been assessed and validated during data collection process. Economic allocation According to EN:15804 the applied cut-off criterion for mass and energy flows is 1%.

What it includes

"Adherence and surface geometry fR or fP : - for 5 = Ø = 6 mm fR or fP 0.035; - for 6 < Ø = 12 mm fR or fP 0.040; - for Ø >12 mm fR or fP 0.056. Weldability: Ceq < 0.52Typical yield stress: 400 MPa = Cv = 600 Mpa Elongation: Agt > 5%"

Where it applies

reinforcing steel for for welded mesh fencing and lattices "Coils: Diameters from 6 mm to 16 mm Weight: from 2 100 kg to 5 000 kg Electrowelded mesh: Diameters from 4.5 to 12 mm Length: from 2.00 to 2.40 m Width: from 3 to 6 m Weight: from 9.24 to 177.70 kg"

Source and licence

Value
Summed by open-climate.ai from its parts
Publisher
EPD Italy (ICMQ)
Library
EPD Italy EPD_ITALY_2026-10-02
Published
2 October 2026
Valid until
31 December 2029
See the source data at EPD Italy
EPD Italy's terms of use Open

The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.

Credit it with this lineEPD Italy (ICMQ), EPD data from https://epditaly.lca-data.com
A plain reading of the licence, not legal advice. The licence text prevails.

Cite this factor

EPD Italy (ICMQ), EPD data from https://epditaly.lca-data.com. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/epd_italy/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-epditaly-coldrolled_reinforcing-it-kg-epd_total-4d09bd30/?v=efv1-ef37c54bf900b90267ca09eb452d8189

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