Value from 2025 onwards

0.38kgCO₂e/kWh

Location-based · Production mix · Fossil only · CO₂ only

FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil

2025–

Default: the latest yearUnchanged on 2024

PreliminaryMarked provisional by the publisher

Region: Italy IT
Boundary: Generation
Data quality: MediumRated by us, not by the source
Licence: Open · CC BY 4.0

Where 0.38 comes from

Published as one number

ISPRA prints this factor as a single figure, with no parts to add up.

Reporting this kilowatt-hour under the GHG Protocol

Scope 2 0.38

You buy the energy, so its generation is your Scope 2.

CiteAPI

The factor, standardised

Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.

Electricity › Electricity by generation technology · Italy · per kWh · Average

Category: Electricity › Electricity by generation technology; Browse it to compare every publisher's factors
Activity: Italy thermal power generation by fuel category, net output - natural gas; ISPRA: Gas naturale
Region: ItalyIT; Not on the record; set from ISPRA's coverage
Per unit: kWh; Published as g CO2/kWh netta; multiplied by 0.001 to serve it per kWh
Data type: Average; No supplier named

Generation · Location-based · Fossil only

Boundary: Generation
Calculation approach: Location-based, production mix
GWP method: None: the value counts CO₂ alone; CO₂ weighs 1 in every IPCC report, so no GWP applies
CO₂e basis: Fossil onlyFossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil; All of it is CO₂
Life cycle: Upstream: not coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: not applicableEnd of life: not applicable

Medium quality · Open licence · 1990 to now

Data quality: Medium; Rated by us, not by the source
Applies to: 2025– (2025 onwards); Reference year 2025 · a value for every year back to 1990
Origin: Printed by ISPRA
Licence: Open · CC BY 4.0; Free to reuse, with attribution

All values

36 values, one per year back to 1990. Every one is location-based, production mix, fossil only, so the years compare directly.

Latest0.38 2025–

Highest0.449 1991

Change since 1990−15%

2025 onwards0.38Default valuePreliminary

Year

Every value of Italy thermal power generation by fuel category, net output - natural gas, Italy
AppliesYears	TotalkgCO₂e/kWh
	0.38Default valuePreliminary
	0.38
	0.381
	0.378
	0.382
	0.381
	0.379
	0.379
	0.38
	0.379
	0.377
	0.387
	0.383
	0.399
	0.395
	0.403
	0.403
	0.402
	0.398
	0.401
	0.413
	0.422
	0.354
	0.408
	0.382
	0.404
	0.417
	0.421
	0.417
	0.429
	0.436
	0.432
	0.442
	0.444
	0.449
	0.445

Default: what search and the API return when you ask for nothing specific
PreliminaryMarked provisional by the publisher

What this number covers

The path of one kilowatt-hour, from the fuel to your meter. Not every step on it is counted; what is left out is listed below.

Generation
Producing the electricity at the power plants that make up the mix
Included0.38
Your meter
1 kWh used. The factor is per kWh measured here.
= 0.38

Outside this boundary

Electricity lost on the network
Producing and delivering the plants' fuel
Building the power plants

ISPRA counts burning fuel at the plants, not producing and delivering that fuel or building the plants.

Gases

Basis: Fossil onlyFossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil

Fossil CO₂0.38

The CO₂e counts fossil carbon only; biogenic CO₂, biogenic methane and land-use carbon are left out.

From ISPRA's record to a comparable factor

ISPRA publishes this factor as one Italian record. Here is each field as printed and what open-climate.ai made of it.

ISPRA fields and their standardised form
ISPRA field	As printed		Served as
Name	Gas naturale	→	Italy thermal power generation by fuel category, net output - natural gas
Total	379,998	→	0.38 kgCO₂e/kWh, generation
Unit	g CO2/kWh netta	→	per kWh, divided by 1,000
GWP	not on the record	→	None: the value counts CO₂ alone

Checks this factor passed

One value per year from 1990, no gaps, no overlaps.
Italian decimals such as 379,998 read as numbers.
Printed value divided by 1,000 to serve it per kWh.
Unit, region, boundary and method mapped to fixed code lists.

How we standardise every library

About this factor

From ISPRA

Translated from Italian

Carbon dioxide emission factors from net thermal power generation by fuel category. CO₂ emissions related to the fuel energy share for electricity production. In 2017 and 2018, the natural gas emission factor includes the share of electricity production from biomethane, which has no CO₂ emissions.

Source and licence

Publisher: Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA)
Library: ISPRA 2026

CC BY 4.0 Open

The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.

Credit it with this lineSource: ISPRA, "Fattori di emissione per la produzione ed il consumo di energia elettrica in Italia", edizione 2026 (data 1990-2024 + preliminary 2025), DOI 10.83023/it-ef-electric, CC BY 4.0. https://emissioni.sina.isprambiente.it/

A plain reading of the licence, not legal advice. The licence text prevails.

Cite this factor

Source: ISPRA, "Fattori di emissione per la produzione ed il consumo di energia elettrica in Italia", edizione 2026 (data 1990-2024 + preliminary 2025), DOI 10.83023/it-ef-electric, CC BY 4.0. https://emissioni.sina.isprambiente.it/. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/ispra/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-ispra-italy_thermal_power-it-kwh-generation-e609ce58/?v=efv1-ce1652ea760811906d79bc3f3390021f

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