Value for any year
0.0251kgCO₂e/kWh
Biogenic CO₂ and land use excluded · GWP100 · AR6
FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂GHG Protocol and IPCC inventoriesOne value, for any year
OCCC sets no date window, so there is no year to pick.
Reference year 2025
- Region
- Spain ES
- Boundary
- Upstream fuel
- Data quality
- MediumRated by us, not by the source
- Licence
- Open · OCCC terms
Where 0.0251 comes from
OCCC prints this factor as a single figure, with no parts to add up and no split by gas.
Reporting this kilowatt-hour under the GHG Protocol
3.3 Energy upstream 0.0251
Extracting, refining and delivering the fuel behind it happens upstream: Scope 3, category 3.
The factor, standardised
Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.
Electricity › Electricity by generation technology · Spain · per kWh · Average
Upstream fuel · Excl. biogenic CO₂ · AR6
- BoundaryUpstream fuelExtraction, refining and transport of the fuel before it is burned (well-to-tank). Learn more
- Upstream fuel
- Fuel supply
- GWP methodWhich IPCC assessment report's warming potentials convert each gas to CO₂e, and over how many years the warming is counted (GWP100: 100 years). Learn more
- IPCC AR6, 100-year horizon
- Not on the record; set from OCCC's method notes
- CO₂e basisWhich carbon the CO₂e counts. Fossil only leaves out biogenic methane, land-use change and biogenic CO₂; excl. biogenic CO₂ counts biogenic methane but not the other two; net total counts every pool, net of removals. The same activity on two bases is two different numbers. Learn more
- Excl. biogenic CO₂FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂GHG Protocol and IPCC inventories
- Not split by gas; CO₂e only
- Life cycle
- Upstream: coveredProduction: not coveredDownstream: not applicableEnd of life: not applicable
Medium quality · Open licence · Any year
What this number covers
The path of one kilowatt-hour, from the fuel to your meter. Not every step on it is counted; what is left out is listed below.
Fuel supply
Extracting, processing and transporting the fuel the plants burn
Included0.0251Your meter
1 kWh used. The factor is per kWh measured here.
= 0.0251
Outside this boundary
- Burning fuel at the plants
- Building the power plants
- Building the grid
OCCC counts running the plants, not building them.
From OCCC's record to a comparable factor
OCCC publishes this factor as one record. Here is each field as printed and what open-climate.ai made of it.
About this factor
OCCC gives no description for this factor.
Source and licence
- Publisher
- Oficina Catalana del Canvi Climàtic (Generalitat de Catalunya)
- Published
- 9 June 2026
The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.
Es permet la reutilització de documents i dades d'acord amb la Llei 37/2007, sempre que no s'alteri el contingut ni les metadades, no se'n desnaturalitzi el sentit, es citi la font i s'indiqui la data de l'última actualització.
Cite this factor
Oficina Catalana del Canvi Climàtic, Generalitat de Catalunya. Guia pràctica per al càlcul d'emissions de gasos amb efecte d'hivernacle (GEH), any 2025, edició 2026. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/occc_catalonia/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-occccatalonia-nuclear_extraccio-es-kwh-upstream_fuel-111f8d5c/?v=efv1-f0c5951f10b910883bc7c1083af95455
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