Emission factor from IGES v11.7
Grid electricity generation, operating margin (CDM) - Government; Ex-post excl. imports
India · Generation · 2025 onwards
Value from 2025 onwards
0.965kgCO₂e/kWh
Location-based · Fossil only · CO₂ only
FossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil- Region
- India IN
- Boundary
- Generation
- Data quality
- MediumRated by us, not by the source
- Licence
- Open · IGES terms
Where 0.965 comes from
IGES prints this factor as a single figure, with no parts to add up.
Reporting this kilowatt-hour under the GHG Protocol
Scope 2 0.965
You buy the energy, so its generation is your Scope 2.
The factor, standardised
Every factor on open-climate.ai answers the same questions in the same words, whatever the publisher. Open any ⓘ for the definition.
Electricity › Electricity by generation technology · India · per kWh · Average
Generation · Location-based · Fossil only
- BoundaryGenerationCombustion at the generating plant for purchased energy carriers. Learn more
- Generation
- Calculation approachLocation-based uses the average grid mix where the electricity was consumed; market-based uses the supplier contract or the residual mix. The two can differ by an order of magnitude on the same kilowatt-hour, so they are never interchangeable. Learn more
- Location-based, marginal mix
- GWP methodWhich IPCC assessment report's warming potentials convert each gas to CO₂e, and over how many years the warming is counted (GWP100: 100 years). Learn more
- None: the value counts CO₂ alone
- CO₂ weighs 1 in every IPCC report, so no GWP applies
- CO₂e basisWhich carbon the CO₂e counts. Fossil only leaves out biogenic methane, land-use change and biogenic CO₂; excl. biogenic CO₂ counts biogenic methane but not the other two; net total counts every pool, net of removals. The same activity on two bases is two different numbers. Learn more
- Fossil onlyFossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil
- All of it is CO₂
- Life cycle
- Upstream: not coveredProduction: coveredDownstream: not applicableEnd of life: not applicable
Medium quality · Open licence · 2013 to now
All values
11 values, one per period back to 2013. Every one is location-based, marginal mix, fossil only, so the years compare directly. Tap a bar.
2025 onwards0.965Default value
| AppliesYears | TotalkgCO₂e/kWh |
|---|---|
| 0.965Default value | |
| 0.968 | |
| 0.95 | |
| 0.962 | |
| 0.96 | |
| 0.96 | |
| 0.96 | |
| 0.97 | |
| 1 | |
| 1.01 | |
| 1 |
- Default: what search and the API return when you ask for nothing specific
What this number covers
The path of one kilowatt-hour, from the fuel to your meter. Not every step on it is counted; what is left out is listed below.
Generation
Producing the electricity at the power plants that make up the mix
Included0.965Your meter
1 kWh used. The factor is per kWh measured here.
= 0.965
Outside this boundary
- Electricity lost on the network
- Producing and delivering the plants' fuel
- Building the power plants
IGES counts burning fuel at the plants, not producing and delivering that fuel or building the plants.
Gases
Basis: Fossil onlyFossil carbon only: biogenic CO₂, methane from biogenic sources and land-use change are left out. Learn moreFossilBio CH₄Land useBio CO₂EN 15804 GWP-fossil
- Fossil CO₂0.965
The CO₂e counts fossil carbon only; biogenic CO₂, biogenic methane and land-use carbon are left out.
From IGES's record to a comparable factor
IGES publishes this factor as one record. Here is each field as printed and what open-climate.ai made of it.
About this factor
From IGES
Where it applies
NEWNE and Southern grids were integrated as a single grid as of 31st December, 2013. This single grid has been considered for the calculations of CO2 emissions starting in FY 2014-15.Source and licence
- Publisher
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)
- Library
- IGES v11.7
- Published
- 6 March 2026
The values and their metadata are served in full and may be reused with credit to the publisher.
All copyrights are reserved. The source must be clearly stated when this database is reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means. Copyright: Ministry of the Environment, Japan.
Cite this factor
Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (2026). List of Grid Emission Factors, version 11.7. Available at: https://pub.iges.or.jp/pub/iges-list-grid-emission-factors. Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/iges/ (CC BY 4.0). https://open-climate.ai/factors/ef-iges-grid_electricity-in-kwh-generation-1817cced/?v=efv1-c43de0fa20c90957c5763f4aa3b60822
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