Grid electricity - Thailand national average, generation basis

Added by open-climate.ai based on EPPO's data. EPPO publishes the emissions of generating electricity in Thailand but not the well-to-tank emissions of the fuel behind the electricity lost in transmission and distribution; this factor estimates them. Method: EPPO's location-based generation factor for 2025 (0.383168 kg CO2e/kWh, production mix) carries a fuel chain of 0.0683479 kg CO2e/kWh, multiplied by L / (1 - L), where L is the share of electricity entering the grid that is lost before it reaches users: 8.35 % in 2025, from EPPO's own published figures (its generation total divided by its consumption total in GWh, minus one). The fuel chain: for each fossil fuel, the ratio of its well-to-tank emissions to its combustion emissions, from the UK Government GHG conversion factors (natural gas 0.166, coal 0.175, fuel oil 0.221), weighted by that fuel's share of the grid's fossil emissions in 2025 (Ember yearly electricity data), gives 0.168345; the location-based value is multiplied by it. The supply chain of biomass power adds 5.41 % of generation x 0.071 kg CO2e/kWh (co2emissiefactoren.nl). Under the GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance (Appendix B), losses are reported with the location-based factor, so every market-based value of this factor, a green contract included, carries the same value. Assumptions: the lost electricity has the average emission intensity of the grid; the loss share is of the same year as the factor; UK supply chains stand in for every country's fuel supply; every market-based mix is assumed to burn fossil fuels in the grid's proportions and to hold the grid's biomass share; nuclear fuel and the construction of plants are not included. Quality: capped at low, the lower of the two legs (it is derived from EPPO's own published figures; the fuel-chain leg is modelled from the generation mix, not published; the method's calibration error is 77.2 %). Sources: EPPO (EPPO open data terms); UK Government GHG conversion factors (Open Government Licence v3.0); Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0, fuel shares recomputed as shares of fossil emissions); co2emissiefactoren.nl (co2emissiefactoren.nl terms of use). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Not published or endorsed by EPPO, the UK Government, Ember or co2emissiefactoren.nl. Every value of this factor follows the same method with the inputs of its own year, recorded on the value.