UOS - Umhverfis- og orkustofnun

Iceland's national emission factors from the Icelandic Environment and Energy Agency: fuels, road vehicles, electricity, geothermal hot water, waste, fertiliser and refrigerants, with the electricity and hot-water series for every year from 2016 to 2024.

Government

Grid mix
Electricity

GeneralistOpen licence

Publisher's page Browse 66 factors

Factors

Values

230

One per year and method

Countries

1 region, sub-national included

Edition

7.0.1

published 18 Dec 2025 · all versions

Last loaded

5 Oct 2026

Report a newer version

Overview

Umhverfis- og orkustofnun (the Icelandic Environment and Energy Agency) publishes the factors as one workbook, Losunarstuðlar, for organisations calculating their greenhouse gas emissions in Iceland. The agency was called Umhverfisstofnun until its 2025 merger, and older editions stay on its former site. The workbook is on the agency's emission factors page.

We load the 7th edition, version 7.0.1, published in December 2025. Its data year is 2024. Earlier editions appeared in 2020, 2021, 2022 and January 2024; the agency updates the workbook as needed, in practice every one to two years. Each edition restates the earlier years of its series, so a new edition replaces the old one in full.

The workbook is in Icelandic only. A main sheet lists every factor with its unit and its source; a second sheet gives the electricity and hot-water factors year by year.

At a glance

Publisher: Umhverfis- og orkustofnun
Kind: Government
Scope: Generalist5 categories each hold at least 5% of its factors; the largest, Direct emissions, holds 32.1%. A generalist needs 4.
Home region: Iceland
Edition: 7.0.1
Licence: Open licence (log-45-2018)

Open data

How this works

What open-climate.ai standardised

over the publisher's own fileHow we standardise

One category axis

66 of 66 factor values mapped to one category

Learn more 6 checks behind this

Coded regions

1 region as an ISO or registry code

66 take the publisher's default region, stated rather than assumed

Learn more 3 checks behind this

Canonical units

6 canonical units in 4 unit families, raw unit kept

Learn more 4 checks behind this

Warming potentials

0 factor values recalculated on AR6

0 factor values already on AR6

65 factor values left on the publisher's GWP

1 factor value the same on every GWP

Learn more 7 checks behind this · 1 known limitation

8 more things standardised

Declared boundaries

9 boundary codes

8 factor values state in, out or varies for each scope term

Learn more 7 checks behind this

Parts and parents

10 factor values grouped under 56 parents

Use a part on its own, or the parent when you want the whole.

Learn more 3 checks behind this

Estimated electricity legs

6 estimated legs the publisher does not print (grid losses, the fuel chain)

4 totals that include an estimated leg

Learn more 8 checks behind this

Electricity mix

12 electricity factors state their instrument; one default, market first

Learn more 5 checks behind this

Data quality

66 of 66 factor values rated on one quality tier

Learn more 7 checks behind this

Languages

English: 100.0% of factor values

German: 31.8% of factor values

French: 31.8% of factor values

Icelandic: 100.0% of factor values

Learn more 11 checks behind this · 2 known limitations

Traceable to the source

91 source rows archived

9 rows skipped, each with a reason

Learn more 4 checks behind this

Stable addresses

Slugs never break

1 old address redirects

Learn more

Audit checks

115 passed4 known limitations3 enforced when loadedlast run 5 Oct 2026

Checks we run on every load to keep the data above trustworthy. Counts are for this library; the grey figure is the same check across all libraries. Point at the i to see why a check matters.

What the statuses mean How checks are counted Why we check How checks are grouped

Needs attention

Values that exclude a carbon pool list the gases behind the total
Known limitation · 88 in this library · 50,262 in all libraries
Why it matters With no breakdown by gas, nothing can confirm that a fossil-only or biogenic-CO2-excluded total really leaves those pools out. The value rests on the publisher's word alone.
Translations match the current source text
Known limitation · 105 in this library · 310 in all libraries
Why it matters When the publisher rewords a label, an old translation can describe a different activity than the one priced.
Factors are searched on their English name where one exists
Known limitation · 1 in this library · 20 in all libraries
Why it matters Search matches your query against one name per factor. A name kept in the publisher's language, when an English one exists, is harder to find in English.
Single-gas values have their AR6 version
Known limitation · 1 in this library · 5 in all libraries
Why it matters A kilogram of one refrigerant is worth its GWP, so it can be restated in AR6 exactly. Blends and untagged gases stay on their published vintage, which can move a leak's footprint by several percent or more.

One category axis

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Every source category maps to our vocabulary
Enforced when loaded
Why it matters A factor with no category drops out of every category filter and comparison. The load stops rather than serve one.
The publisher's classification is kept
Passed
Why it matters You can still find a factor the way the publisher filed it, and check our mapping against theirs.
Every classification level has a valid parent
Passed
Why it matters A broken tree hides factors from browse and puts them in the wrong category totals.
Every product code comes with the codes above it
Passed
Why it matters In product codes like HS or CPC, a search for a chapter should reach every code inside it. A missing level hides the factor from that search.
A publisher's own classification is used only by that publisher
Passed
Why it matters A publisher's own tree only makes sense inside its library. Filed under another publisher's codes, a factor would show up in categories that do not describe it.
A standard classification code has one label in every library
Passed
Why it matters Codes like NACE or NAICS are meant to link libraries. If one code carries two labels, you cannot tell whether both libraries mean the same activity.

Coded regions

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Every region is a known code
Enforced when loaded
Why it matters Free text like “France continentale” cannot be filtered or joined to your own data. A code can.
No named region is filed under a broader one
Passed
Why it matters A French factor filed as World would be applied to the wrong country, or lose to a global value in a search for France.
Every region sits in the world hierarchy
Passed
Why it matters A search for Europe has to reach France. A region outside the hierarchy is invisible to broader searches.

Canonical units

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Every unit is a known code
Enforced when loaded
Why it matters Activity data only multiplies correctly when the unit is exact. An unknown unit stops the load.
One source unit maps to one unit
Passed
Why it matters If one of the publisher's units were read as two different units, factors that share it would give inconsistent footprints.
A unit label means the same in every library
Passed
Why it matters Comparing two libraries is only safe when a label like t.km means tonne-kilometre in both.
A unit label that names no basis folds one way
Passed · 1 in all libraries
Why it matters A label like GJ says nothing about the heating value behind it. If the same bare label folds to two different units, two factors that look alike are not comparable.

Declared boundaries

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Every boundary states what it includes
Passed
Why it matters Cradle-to-gate and full life-cycle values can differ several times over. Without a stated boundary you cannot tell which you are adding up.
Boundary scope terms are known codes
Passed
Why it matters Consistent terms let you keep exactly the life-cycle stages your inventory needs.
No two factors for the same activity partly overlap in scope
Passed
Why it matters Two totals that share some stages but not all cannot safely be added or swapped: adding them counts the shared stages twice.
Separate stages of one activity are linked as parts
Passed
Why it matters Stages served as unrelated factors give no total, so you may use one stage and miss the others.
Every part of a factor states its boundary
Passed
Why it matters A part with an unknown boundary cannot be told apart from the other parts, so you cannot pick out, say, the combustion share of a total.
Every biofuel counted with its biogenic CO2 says how much
Passed
Why it matters Some publishers count the CO2 a burnt biofuel releases and others leave it out. Search tells the counting ones apart by their biogenic CO2 figure, so a factor without it would be offered to someone who asked to leave that CO2 out.
No recycling credit is hidden inside a life-cycle total
Passed
Why it matters A negative total may be a credit for avoided emissions. Filed as a life-cycle burden, it would quietly subtract emissions from your footprint.

Warming potentials

Learn more

Methane and nitrous oxide figures match the stated GWP
Passed
Why it matters If a gas's CO2e is not its mass times the stated GWP, the GWP label is wrong, and converting the value to another GWP version would give a wrong result.
Every convertible value has its AR6 version
Passed
Why it matters Reporting now asks for AR6. Mixing AR5 and AR6 shifts methane-heavy totals by several percent.
CO2e totals leave out what their basis excludes
Passed
Why it matters A value's basis names the carbon pools its total leaves out. When the gas breakdown shows the total counting one of them anyway (biogenic CO2, land-use change, or biogenic methane on a fossil-only value), the label or the total is wrong.
Values that exclude a carbon pool list the gases behind the total
Known limitation · 88 in this library · 50,262 in all libraries
Why it matters With no breakdown by gas, nothing can confirm that a fossil-only or biogenic-CO2-excluded total really leaves those pools out. The value rests on the publisher's word alone.
Standardised figures keep every gas the publisher lists
Passed
Why it matters The comparable figure we serve must carry each gas the publisher reported. A lost gas makes the breakdown disagree with the total and hides that gas from you.
Every value states what its CO2e total includes
Passed
Why it matters For a biofuel, a total with or without biogenic CO2 can differ widely. Without that convention you cannot tell which one you are comparing.
A library with no AR6 version at all has a recorded reason
Passed · 2 in all libraries
Why it matters Values that cannot be converted to AR6 cannot be compared with AR6 figures. That has to be a documented decision, not something missed at load.

Parts and parents

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Every part links to a valid parent
Passed
Why it matters A part that points nowhere gets summed twice or dropped when you use the parent total.
No factor is an unlinked part of another factor
Passed
Why it matters If one stage of a total is also served on its own, beside that total, adding both counts the same emissions twice.
Every factor points to its top parent
Passed · 1 in all libraries
Why it matters Search groups parts under their top factor. A stale link shows a part as a stand-alone result.

Estimated electricity legs

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No estimate is served where the publisher printed the figure
Passed · 25 in all libraries
Why it matters When the publisher states the number itself, theirs is the one to use. An estimate beside it would give you two answers to the same question.
Every estimate is built only from data we may redistribute
Passed
Why it matters An estimate derived from restricted data would pass that data on under our open licence, which its owner never allowed.
No estimated factor is rated above the data it was built from
Passed
Why it matters An estimate cannot be more reliable than its inputs. Rating it higher would lead you to trust it more than a published figure.
Every estimated factor still matches the inputs it was computed from
Passed
Why it matters When an input is revised or withdrawn, the estimate built on it is out of date until it is recomputed.
A total built on an estimated part is marked as estimated
Passed
Why it matters If the total lost the mark, you would read a figure we partly computed as one the publisher printed.
Every estimated factor carries its description in each language
Passed · 16 in all libraries
Why it matters An estimated factor is one we computed, not one a publisher printed. Its description says so and names the data behind it. Without it, you could not tell the estimate from a published figure.
The text of each estimated factor matches its current figures
Passed
Why it matters An estimated factor's description states the year, shares and quality behind it. If those moved, the text would explain a different number than the one served.
The text of each estimated electricity total matches its current figures
Passed
Why it matters The description of an estimated electricity total states its year, mix, quality and the parts it adds up. If those moved, the text would explain a different number than the one served.

Electricity mix

Learn more

Every electricity factor states its mix
Passed
Why it matters Without its mix you cannot tell a location-based figure from a market-based one, and Scope 2 reporting needs both side by side.
The market-based value is the default
Passed
Why it matters The default then matches the figure most Scope 2 reports lead with, and a green-tariff zero is never the default when another figure exists.
One default value per factor and year
Passed
Why it matters Two defaults for one year give two answers to the same lookup.
Every green-electricity zero is a market-based value
Passed
Why it matters A zero from a green contract only holds for the buyer of that contract. Filed as location-based, it would put a zero on the physical grid.
Green-electricity zeros are not rated below market-based peers
Passed
Why it matters A green-contract zero is the contract's own figure. Marked down for being zero, it would lose to less relevant values when you look up contracted supply.

Data quality

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Quality ratings fall inside their scale
Passed
Why it matters An out-of-scale rating cannot be compared, so the value would be ranked arbitrarily.
Every zero value is explained
Passed
Why it matters A zero can be real (contracted renewable power) or a gap in the data. A gap read as real erases emissions from your total.
No default value is withheld for poor quality
Passed
Why it matters A default rated too poor to serve is hidden from search and exports, so that factor is missing for you even when it is the right one.
No implausibly high per-kilogram value is rated reliable
Passed
Why it matters Above 1,000 kgCO2e per kg is often a unit slip, such as grams read as kilograms. Rated reliable, such a value could inflate a footprint a thousandfold.
Every quality level gives a recognised reason
Passed
Why it matters The reason explains why a value got its quality level. An unrecognised one cannot be filtered on or explained to you.
A zero that is only a gap in the source is withheld
Passed
Why it matters A zero with no quality signal, or an implausible regulatory default of zero, is more likely missing data than a real zero. Served, it would erase emissions from your total.
The library is not rated entirely on one fallback quality level
Passed
Why it matters When every value gets the same level because the publisher gives no quality signal, the level tells you nothing and cannot rank one value above another.

Languages

Learn more

Every factor has an English name
Passed
Why it matters Every factor can be searched and cited in one shared language, whatever the publisher's.
Translations match the current source text
Known limitation · 105 in this library · 310 in all libraries
Why it matters When the publisher rewords a label, an old translation can describe a different activity than the one priced.
Translations follow a corrected source text
Passed · 4 in all libraries
Why it matters When we correct an English label, a French or German label translated from the old wording can still describe what the old wording said.
Recorded translations survive a reload
Passed · 5 in all libraries
Why it matters A reload rewrites a library's labels; a translation we recorded and did not put back leaves that factor without a label in that language.
Every served factor has a name
Passed
Why it matters A factor with no name in any language shows as a blank row: you cannot search for it or tell what it measures.
Factors are searched on their English name where one exists
Known limitation · 1 in this library · 20 in all libraries
Why it matters Search matches your query against one name per factor. A name kept in the publisher's language, when an English one exists, is harder to find in English.
Every language with a main name also has a full name
Passed
Why it matters Without the full name, the detail that tells similar factors apart is missing in that language, so two different factors can look identical.
Full names are built from their parts in the same language
Passed
Why it matters A full name must read as the main name followed by its detail. Translated separately, it can drift and describe a slightly different activity.
Every text is labelled with its real language
Passed
Why it matters A French name labelled English would be shown to English readers and matched against English searches.
Every description is available for display and translation
Passed
Why it matters A description missing from the per-language text store is not shown in your language, and never gets translated.
Every usage note is available for display and translation
Passed
Why it matters Names and notes are served from one text store per language. A note missing from that store is not shown, and never gets translated.

Traceable to the source

Learn more

Values traced to one source row agree with each other
Passed
Why it matters Each value traces back to one source row. When values that disagree share a row, it can back only one of them, which weakens that audit trail.
No duplicate factors are served
Passed · 174 in all libraries
Why it matters Identical duplicates split search results and invite counting the same factor twice.
No factor value claims two things that cannot both be true
Passed · 3,243 in all libraries
Why it matters For example, a purchaser price that leaves out retail or delivery, or packaging on an energy unit. One of the two claims is wrong, and you cannot tell which.
No factor value the publisher has withdrawn is still served
Passed · 10,480 in all libraries
Why it matters The publisher's end date for the value has passed. The figure may be out of date, so look for a newer one before you use it.

Other checks

One activity keeps one family across its units
Passed · 9 in all libraries
Why it matters When a publisher prints the same activity per kg and per kWh, the two factors belong to one activity family, with the unit as a choice. Filed as separate activities, they look unrelated, and nothing says they measure the same thing.
An activity's grouping key names only the activity
Passed · 5 in all libraries
Why it matters If the key also carried the unit, country or scope, one activity would split into several, and search would not show you its other versions side by side.
A Creative Commons credit names its licence
Passed
Why it matters CC BY asks you to say which licence applies. A credit that leaves it out makes your attribution incomplete when you copy it.
No note of ours appears in the credit or licence notice
Passed
Why it matters Our own notes on how we handle the data would end up in the credit you reproduce, as if the publisher had written them.
The credit line carries no terms of use
Passed
Why it matters You copy the credit line as it stands. Terms of use belong in the licence notice, which you read rather than reproduce.
Every impact assessment method is a recognised code
Passed
Why it matters Free text in place of a code splits one method into several spellings, so filtering by method misses some of its values.
Summed totals keep their parts' classification
Passed
Why it matters A total takes a classification only when all its parts share it. Otherwise it lands in a category its parts do not support, or misses one they all share.
Every summed total has a classification when its parts do
Passed
Why it matters A total with no classification drops out of every category filter, even though its parts are filed there.
An avoided credit is linked to the burden it belongs to
Passed
Why it matters Served on its own, a credit reads as a factor in its own right. Linked beside its burden, it applies only where it belongs and is never subtracted twice.
Every value is typed as specific, generic or average
Passed
Why it matters The type says how closely a figure fits the product you bought. Any other word would be invisible to a filter on it.
Summed totals equal their parts on every gas
Passed
Why it matters Where a total is the sum of its parts, the two must agree on every gas. Otherwise your footprint changes depending on whether you use the total or the parts.
Validity dates are the publisher's own, never guessed
Passed
Why it matters A start date we invented looks just like one the publisher printed, and would hide correct factor values from a search for what applied on a given date.
Quality breakdowns use their scheme's axes
Passed
Why it matters A score on an axis the scheme does not define, or off its scale, cannot be read, so the breakdown behind a rating would mislead.
No battery-electric vehicle carries tailpipe emissions
Passed
Why it matters An electric vehicle has no tailpipe. A non-zero combustion figure means its electricity emissions sit in the wrong place, or are counted twice.
No estimate sits beside a total of unclear scope
Passed
Why it matters When the publisher does not say whether its total includes a stage, our estimate of that stage may count it twice. These cases are listed for review.
No estimate repeats a stage the publisher's total already includes
Passed · 2 in all libraries
Why it matters If the publisher's figure already covers, say, grid losses, adding our estimate of those losses would count them twice and overstate your emissions.
Every factor we complete has all of its estimated parts
Passed · 7 in all libraries
Why it matters If one part, such as grid losses, is missing where the others were estimated, a total built from them silently leaves that part out.
We only estimate for publishers whose rule allows it
Passed
Why it matters Some publishers print every part themselves, or are deliberately left as they are. An estimate added to them would mix our numbers into theirs, against the rule set for that library.
No estimated total competes with a published one
Passed · 24 in all libraries
Why it matters Where the publisher prints a total for the same activity, region and year, an estimated total beside it would give you two answers to the same question.
Every factor with a current value has a default
Passed
Why it matters A factor with values but no default is left out of the served catalogue, so you would never find it in search or exports.
Every factor has a value, in a library that publishes values
Passed
Why it matters A factor listed with no number looks like a match in search but gives you nothing to calculate with.
The text of each fuel supply-chain estimate matches its current figures
Passed
Why it matters Its description states the year, the figures, the ratio and the quality behind the estimate. If those moved, the text would explain a different number than the one served.
No fuel supply-chain estimate is rated above what its method allows
Passed
Why it matters Each way of estimating a fuel's supply chain has a highest rating it can earn, and an estimate never outranks the combustion figure it builds on. A better rating would lead you to trust it more than it deserves.
Every fuel estimate is built only from data we may redistribute
Passed
Why it matters An estimate derived from restricted data would pass that data on under our open licence, which its owner never allowed.
Every fuel eligible for a supply-chain estimate is classified
Passed
Why it matters The supply-chain estimate depends on which fuel is burned. A fuel nobody has classified gets no estimate, so you would miss that part of its emissions without knowing why.
No fuel estimate is served where the publisher printed the supply-chain figure
Passed
Why it matters When the publisher states the figure itself, theirs is the one to use. An estimate beside it would give you two answers to the same question.
No supply-chain estimate is served for a fuel we deliberately left out
Passed
Why it matters Some fuels are left out on purpose, for instance when no published supply-chain figure fits them. An estimate on one of them would be a number we decided not to stand behind.
Every fuel supply-chain estimate still matches the figures it was computed from
Passed
Why it matters The estimate scales the publisher's combustion figure by a supply-chain ratio taken from other published data. When either is revised or withdrawn, the estimate is out of date until it is recomputed.
Every tagged gas has a known GWP
Passed
Why it matters A kilogram of one named gas is restated in AR6 with that gas's own GWP. A tag the GWP table does not carry would leave the value unconverted, or convert it with the wrong number.
Every fixed group of regions lists what it covers
Passed
Why it matters A group like “Europe outside the EU” with no member list cannot be placed, so its factor values never match a search for any country in it.
Where both exist, the residual mix is shown before the green-tariff zero
Passed
Why it matters Green electricity counts as zero only for buyers who hold the matching certificates. Showing zero by default would understate everyone else's emissions.
The newest edition of each value is the one marked current
Passed
Why it matters If an older edition stayed marked as current, you would get superseded numbers, or two answers for the same factor.
Every publisher has a rule on whether we estimate its missing parts
Passed
Why it matters For electricity and fuels we can estimate parts a publisher leaves out, such as grid losses or the fuel supply chain. Without a rule, a missing part could be a gap or a deliberate choice, so nothing is estimated until one is set.
Factor descriptions describe the factor, not the whole library
Passed
Why it matters When the same long text is repeated on every factor, it tells you nothing about the one you are looking at and hides what is specific to it.
Every library's licence has its rights recorded
Passed
Why it matters Without them, the library page cannot tell you what you may do with the data: share it, change it or use it commercially.
No fossil electricity mix has a zero fuel supply chain
Passed
Why it matters Electricity with fossil emissions always has a supply chain behind it: extracting and transporting the fuel. A zero there means the chain was priced from the wrong mix. Green power is the exception: its chain covers only biomass, and is a real zero on a grid that burns none.
Every green-electricity zero is exactly zero and says why
Passed
Why it matters A green-tariff factor is zero by rule. Any other number, or a zero with no stated reason, would mean the rule was applied wrongly.
Green-electricity zeros cover power generation only
Passed
Why it matters Certificates cover the power plant's emissions, not grid losses or the upstream fuel chain. A zero on those stages would understate your Scope 2 and Scope 3 figures.
Only a total we computed may mix GWP vintages
Passed
Why it matters A published row states one GWP vintage. A mix of AR5 and AR6 can only come from a total assembled out of several rows, and saying so tells you the number was computed, not published.
Spend factors state their price year and basis
Passed
Why it matters A 2019 euro is not a 2024 euro, and a purchaser price includes margins a basic price does not. Without both, spend footprints drift.
Every value has a number, a GWP version and a reference year
Passed
Why it matters Without the number there is nothing to multiply. Without the GWP version or the year, you cannot tell whether two values are comparable.
No factor description is too long to display in full
Passed · 28 in all libraries
Why it matters Text beyond the limit is cut short on the factor page, so part of what the publisher wrote shows only in the download.
The library-wide answers on what a factor covers are up to date
Passed
Why it matters Some questions, such as whether a figure includes transport, are answered once for a whole library. If the stored answers fall behind, a factor's details can tell you something we no longer state.
Every library-wide answer applies to at least one factor
Passed · 3 in all libraries
Why it matters An answer about a category or stage the library no longer covers changes nothing you see. It is listed so it can be removed.
Every excused arithmetic disagreement is stated
Passed
Why it matters Where a publisher's own total does not equal its parts and we serve it anyway, the exception is listed on every audit run rather than left in code where nobody sees it.
Every reference year falls between 1960 and next year
Passed
Why it matters A year outside that range points to a typo or a misread column, and would put the value in the wrong period when you filter by year.
The parts of a total are never listed twice under one label
Passed
Why it matters A group that repeats a part label is a list of terms, not a split of the total, so adding its rows up would count some emissions twice.
Every residual mix has its green-tariff counterpart
Passed
Why it matters Market-based Scope 2 reporting needs both: the residual mix for ordinary contracts and a zero for certified green power. With one missing, you have to find it elsewhere.
Every publisher's quality rating system is read
Passed
Why it matters If we do not read a publisher's rating system, its values are treated as unrated and marked down, although the publisher rated them.
Every factor is filed under the most specific category its source allows
Passed · 1,852 in all libraries
Why it matters Some factors sit in a broad category because their source covers several narrower ones. They are listed so a finer mapping can place them more precisely where the source allows it.
Every factor has a category
Passed
Why it matters A factor with no category drops out of every category filter and comparison. Without this check, a library with no category mapping would load unlabelled, and nothing would say so.
Every categorised factor has a GHG Protocol scope
Passed · 30 in all libraries
Why it matters Without a scope, you cannot tell whether the factor belongs in Scope 1, 2 or 3 of your inventory, and you have to place it yourself.
Single-gas values have their AR6 version
Known limitation · 1 in this library · 5 in all libraries
Why it matters A kilogram of one refrigerant is worth its GWP, so it can be restated in AR6 exactly. Blends and untagged gases stay on their published vintage, which can move a leak's footprint by several percent or more.
No factor answers a question that does not arise for it
Passed · 5 in all libraries
Why it matters Some questions only make sense for some kinds of factor. An answer where the question should not arise is either misplaced, or a sign the kind is too coarse for that factor, so each case is reviewed.
A supplier named in the source is linked to the factor
Passed
Why it matters If the supplier is named but not linked, you cannot filter by supplier or tell a company's own figure from a generic one.
A part covering the same scope as its total is linked to it
Passed
Why it matters When a part and the total beside it cover exactly the same scope, nothing in the numbers tells them apart. Linking them stops you adding a part to the total that already contains it.
A year in a factor's name matches its reference year
Passed
Why it matters A name like “Grid 2019” on a 2023 value usually means a yearly series was flattened, so you could apply one year's figure to another.

How the audit works

What can I do with this data?

Open licence · credit the publisher

Your rights

Open licence · log-45-2018

Use it to calculate my own footprint: Yes
Publish my footprint results: Yes, if
you credit the publisher
you imply no endorsement by the publisher
Share the file with my customers: Yes, if
you credit the publisher
you imply no endorsement by the publisher
Put the factors in a product I sell: Yes, if
you credit the publisher
you imply no endorsement by the publisher
Modify it or combine it with my own data: Yes, if
you credit the publisher
you imply no endorsement by the publisher

Statute, checked on 5 Oct 2026

Act 45/2018 on the reuse of public information, Art. 4: public information "sem eru almenningi aðgengilegar" may be reused, provided the origin is stated (4(2)) and it is clear who processed the data (4(3), read as no_endorsement). UOS (uos_iceland) states no licence and no Art. 5 condition for its Losunarstuðlar workbook, and confirmed by email 2026-10-05: "We see no obstacle to including the workbook in the catalogue, with attribution to the agency."

Credit line

Umhverfis- og orkustofnun (Icelandic Environment and Energy Agency), Losunarstuðlar, 7th edition (December 2025). Normalised by open-climate.ai, https://open-climate.ai/factors/libraries/uos_iceland/ (CC BY 4.0)

Not legal advice: the publisher's terms prevail.

Full terms

How to read these answers

Coverage

What the library covers, by category and by boundary. Click a slice to drill in, then a sub-category or a boundary to filter the factors below.

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56factors

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Saved	Unfold	Factor	Region	Boundary	Unit

Versions

How this works

Version	Published	Loaded	Status	Source
7.0.1	18 Dec 2025	5 Oct 2026	Served	Source

Methodology

How this works

Most values are printed in grams of CO2 equivalent per unit and served in kilograms, multiplied by 0.001. Fertiliser and refrigerant values, printed in tonnes per tonne, are served as kilograms per kilogram.
The CO2 equivalent uses the GWP values of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), stated once for the whole document.
What a value counts depends on the row. Fuel, vehicle, hot-water, waste, fertiliser and refrigerant values leave out biogenic CO2. The location-based electricity value is a net total, and so is the electric-car row built on it. The residual mix and the zeros with guarantees of origin are fossil CO2 only, and carry no GWP.
Boundaries: fuels and vehicles are combustion, electricity and hot water generation, waste end of life and refrigerants fugitive release. The fertiliser rows do not state one.
Fuel, vehicle and waste factors are direct emissions only. The agency excludes the production and transport of fuels and the construction of vehicles and plants.
Most values are Icelandic national averages, taken from the national greenhouse gas inventory. Six fuel factors, composting, direct fertiliser emissions and the 16 refrigerant GWPs restate IPCC defaults and are marked generic.
Electricity has three values per year. The location-based value is the CO2 equivalent of electricity generated in Iceland, including the emissions of geothermal plants and hydro reservoirs: 0.00768 kg per kWh in 2024. The market-based value without guarantees of origin is the residual mix of the national standard declaration, CO2 only: 0.56392 kg per kWh in 2024. The value with guarantees of origin is zero. The residual mix is the default.
The agency also prints its headline factor, the mean of 2020 to 2024: 0.00641 kg per kWh for location-based electricity. It is its own factor, beside the year series, and its name says so. The 2024 value is 20% above that mean.
Geothermal hot water for space heating has a factor per kWh for each year from 2016 to 2024 (0.00943 kg per kWh in 2024), and a 2020 to 2024 mean per kWh (0.00781) and per cubic metre (0.447). The agency confirmed that the cubic metre is its primary basis and that the kWh value is derived from it at about 57 kWh per cubic metre of hot water delivered.
The year of a value is the data year: the printed year for the electricity and hot-water series, the last year of the span for the means, and 2024 for every other row.

Data year: the year printed on the year sheet (2016-2024); the last year of the span on the five-year means, and 2024 on every other row.

What we import

The 7th edition: 56 factors and 90 values. The workbook prints 82 values. The other 8 are the zero with guarantees of origin for 2016 to 2023, added beside each printed residual value; the workbook prints that zero for 2024 only.
By group: 16 fuels, 13 road vehicles, 2 electricity (the year series and the mean), 3 hot water, 4 waste, 2 fertiliser and 16 refrigerants.
Petrol, diesel and biomethane carry one factor per unit (per kilogram and per litre, or per kilogram and per normal cubic metre), as printed.
Not imported: 2 rows that print no number (plug-in hybrid cars, whose value the agency says varies, and flights, for which it points to the ICAO calculator); 5 bookkeeping zeros (electric cars charged on the own meter, an instruction against double counting, and four recycling and hazardous-waste rows that hold a place in the territorial inventory); and 2 rows of the main sheet that repeat the 2024 values of the year sheet.
Kept with each value but not served as separate fields: the source the agency names for each row, the location-based value without hydro reservoirs (0.00580 kg per kWh for the mean) and the densities implied by the per-kilogram and per-litre pairs.
The workbook carries no classification codes; each factor carries an open-climate.ai category. The agency's remarks on a row are kept as its Icelandic description, and every factor has an English usage note written by open-climate.ai.
Icelandic names come from the workbook. English names are our translation of them. French and German names are not yet available for most factors.

The workbook prints generation only. Beside the electricity year series and its mean, open-climate.ai adds three legs the agency never printed, each as its own factor marked as an estimate: grid losses, the fuel chain of generation and the fuel chain of the losses, plus a delivered total. They are computed by a stated rule from the agency's values, Eurostat's Icelandic loss share and Ember's generation mixes, and are rated low or very low quality. The grid-loss leg is 0.000239 kg per kWh for 2024. Ember counts no fossil fuel in Iceland's generation, so on the location-based and guarantee-of-origin values both fuel-chain legs are exactly zero, and the delivered location-based total for 2024 is 0.00792 kg per kWh. The residual mix is not Icelandic power: its fuel chain is priced from Ember's European generation mix instead, 0.101 kg per kWh for 2024, which puts the delivered residual total at 0.665 kg per kWh (very low quality). The agency's own numbers are unchanged: leave out estimated factors (is_estimated) to keep them only. How the legs are estimated.

Licence

How this works

Open. The agency states no licence for the workbook. Under Article 4 of Iceland's Act 45/2018 on the reuse of public information (lög nr. 45/2018), public information may be reused for any purpose, including commercially, with attribution and without suggesting endorsement. The agency confirmed by email that it sees no obstacle to including the workbook in the catalogue, with attribution to the agency. Attribution: "Umhverfis- og orkustofnun (Icelandic Environment and Energy Agency), Losunarstuðlar, 7th edition (December 2025)". Last verified 2026-10-05.

What can I do with this data?

Credit line: Umhverfis- og orkustofnun (Icelandic Environment and Energy Agency), Losunarstuðlar, 7th edition (December 2025)

log-45-2018

Limitations

The CO2 of geothermal plants and geothermal hot water comes from the reservoir, not from a fuel. It is neither fossil nor biogenic in the usual sense.
The location-based electricity value includes the emissions of hydro reservoirs; without them, the 2020 to 2024 mean would be 0.00580 instead of 0.00641 kg per kWh.
The residual mix is CO2 only, though the workbook labels it CO2 equivalent, so it cannot be converted to AR6.
No fuel factor includes upstream emissions, and we add no estimated fuel leg for this library yet.
Flights and plug-in hybrid cars have no factor.
The per-kWh hot-water values are a conversion of the per-cubic-metre basis, not metered heat. The agency says the hot-water method is being improved, so the next edition may change it.
The delivered total with guarantees of origin is not zero: it carries the grid-loss leg, which is computed on location-based generation.
Only the 7th edition is loaded.
Quality: the agency prints no quality rating or uncertainty. Its 90 values are rated medium, the library's default; of the 140 values of the estimated legs and delivered totals, 122 are rated low and the 18 residual fuel-chain legs and residual totals very low. How quality ratings are set.